People who catch the disease have the TB bacillus in their lungs.

感染者的肺部会携带结核。

And since it's a bacillus, it looks like a little pink rod under the microscope.

因为其属于杆，所以在光镜下的形态成粉红杆状。

Alright, as a quick recap: Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative bacillus found in water systems.

得！快速回顾一下：嗜肺军团一种存在于供水系统中的革兰染色阴性。

The disease was brought to Europe by rodents that carried fleas with the bacillus bacterium Yersinia pestis.

这种由携带带有鼠疫杆的跳蚤的啮齿动物带到欧洲的。

It is caused by a specific bacillus.

它由特定的杆引起的。

This is Bacillus subtilis. Those white dots that you see are spores.

这芽孢杆。你看到的那些白点孢子。

Previous research has found that spores of a common bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, can survive in space.

先前的研究发现， 一种常见细芽孢杆的孢子可以在太空中存活。

Do you think it's coincidence that the US and the UK in particular experienced especially virulent strains of the populist bacillus?

你认为美国和英国特别经历了特别致命的民粹主义杆株巧合吗？

That is, part of it goes to the man who invents a new bacillus and the rest to establish a hospital for doing away with it again.

也就说，一部分钱留给了发现这种新微生物的人，剩下一部分又用来建了一家消灭这种微生物的医院。

For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax.

例如，它们被用来对以前看不见的微生物和细进行染色，使研究人员能够识别结核、霍乱和炭疽等杆。

In the lab, when doing a gram stain, Clostridium perfringens is Gram-positive, or purple when Gram stained, and look like big cylinders or rods, also called bacilli.

实验室做革兰氏染色时，产气荚膜梭显紫色（革兰氏阳性）：很像个大圆柱或棒子，因此也叫杆。

When doing a Gram stain, Clostridium tetani stains purple— or gram positive— and it's a bacillus, meaning that it looks like a big cylinder or rod under the microscope.

革兰氏染色中，破伤风梭显紫色（革兰氏染色阳性），呈棒状：显微镜下外观像一个巨大的圆柱体或棒子。

All right as a quick recap, Clostridium tetani is a sporulating, gram-positive, bacillus anaerobe that makes the toxin tetanospasmin, which causes tetanus by disrupting the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters from Renshaw cells.

得！快速复习一下：破伤风梭一种产芽孢的革兰氏阳性厌氧棒状杆，能够产生引起破伤风的罪魁祸首破伤风痉挛毒素；该毒素通过干扰闰绍细胞中抑制性神经递质的释放而致。

Additionally, the cell wall helps maintain their shape: the round-shaped bacteria are called cocci, the rod-shaped ones are called bacilli, spiral-shaped ones are spirilla, and sometimes the same bacteria can have multiple forms in which case they're called pleomorphic.

此外，细胞壁有助于保持其形状：圆形的细称为球，棒状的细叫做杆，螺旋形的螺旋，有些细具有不同的形态，因此它们被称为多形。