These are of two varieties, known as single and double bonds.

化学键有两种，单键和双键。

Certain reactions open up a double or triple bond to insert various atoms, leaving only a single bond between the carbons.

某些反应会打开一个双键或三键以插入各种，只在碳之间留下一个单键。

But once that's done, the hydrogen atoms readily attach to the hydrocarbon molecule, converting a double bond to a single bond.

但是一旦，就会很容易地附着在碳化合物分上，将双键转化为单键。

Single bonds, also called sigma bonds, are pretty simple, and carbon atoms attached by them can rotate around the bond freely.

单键，也称为西格玛键，非常简单，它们所附着的碳可以围绕键自由旋转。

Carboxylic acids are a type of organic compound characterized by a carbon (C) atom doubly bonded to an oxygen (O) atom and singly bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH) .

羧酸是一种有机化合物，其特征是一个碳（C）与一个氧（O）双键结合，并与一个羟基（-OH）单键结合。

It's made of a polymer called " polyethylene terephthalate" , which has rings of carbons separated by chains of carbons, some of which have single and double bonds, to oxygen atoms.

它是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚合物组的，它有分离的碳链，相对于氧而言，一些含有单键和双键。

So three words representing three different groups of organic compounds: alkanes for all single bonds, alkenes if they contain double bonds, and alkynes if they contain one or more triple bonds.

所以三个词代表三组不同的有机化合物：所有单键的烷烃，含有双键的烯烃，含有一个或多个三键的炔烃。