You will also notice they have long axons along which the electrical message can travel.

你还会注意到它们有长长的轴——电信号可以沿其播。

Myelin is a fatty sheath that insulates an axon, preventing electrical currents from leaking out.

髓鞘质是一种脂肪鞘，它把轴隔绝起来，以防止电波泄漏。

As you repeat an action, a fatty tissue called myelin covers the axons of your neurons.

当你重复一个动作时，一种叫做髓鞘的脂肪组织覆盖在神经元的轴上。

The signal-carrying arm of these cells, called an axon, can be up to a meter long!

这些细胞的信号递臂被称为轴，最长可达一米！

Your brain sends action potentials down your spinal cord and preganglionic neuronal axons.

你的大发送动作电位到你的脊髓和节前神经轴。

Neurons propagate slowly in axons, 100 meters per second, tops.

神经元在轴输的速度较慢， 最多 100 米每秒。

Can we grow axons and neurons down these channels?

我们能否沿着这些通道 培植神经轴或神经元呢?

Meanwhile, axons with larger diameters offer less internal resistance.

同时，直径较长的轴拥有较小的内部阻力。

But speeds can be boosted with myelination and increased axon diameter.

但是速度可以因髓鞘化和增加轴直径而得到提升。

The damaged neurons regrew their long signaling tails, called axons.

受损的神经元重新长出长的信号尾，这个便是轴。

A neuron has three parts: Dendrites, soma or cell body, and axon.

树、胞体和轴。

Schwannian stroma is a connective tissue from non-neuronal cells that forms myelin, which insulates the axons of the mature neurons.

Schwannian基质是一种来源于非神经元细胞的结缔组织，可形成髓鞘，使成熟神经元的轴绝缘。

Axons in the nerves begin to die off. Muscles can't be controlled, and they shrink as a consequence.

神经的轴开始死亡。肌肉无法被控制，因此它们会萎缩。

Then, once the voltage reaches a specific threshold, a pulse is fired along organic amplifiers that mimic a nerve cell axon.

之后电压一旦到达特定值，就会沿着模拟神经细胞轴的有机放大器释放脉冲。

Each of these hair cells is attached to axons in the nervous system.

每一个毛细胞都附着在神经系统的轴上。

Usually, tau proteins support tiny tubes inside our axons called microtubules.

通常，tau蛋白要支撑称为微管即存在于轴的小管。

In particular, as you reach old age, the myelin sheath covering your axons wears down, and other neuronal structures degrade.

特别是，当你年纪大了以后，包裹轴的髓鞘质会发生磨损，其它的神经元结构也会衰退。

Surrounding the axon is a myelin sheath, which is actually just insulation.

轴周围是髓鞘，实际上只是绝缘层。

Myelin is the protective sheath that surrounds the axons of neurons, allowing them to quickly send electrical impulses.

髓磷脂是神经轴周围的保护性鞘膜，能快速导神经冲动。

The white matter consists of myelinated axons, which are separated into tracts that carry information to and from the brain.

白质由有髓鞘的轴组成，它们被分成若干神经束，负责向大递以及从大向其他部位递信息。