For initial stages, esophagectomy, and tumor resection are sufficient.

对于早期癌，除肿瘤除已足够。

For initial stages, when the cancer has invaded just the mucosa and submucosa, options include esophagectomy, endoscopic tumor resection, or mucosal ablation - which is when the cancerous mucosa is removed by radiofrequency.

早期肿瘤只入侵下层，治疗选择包括除术、内镜下肿瘤除术或融术，即用射频融被肿瘤侵袭的。