It infects the epithelium of the respiratory mucosa, typically through a nasal route of transmission.

它通常通过鼻传播途径，感染呼吸上皮。

Now, the stomach mucosa is different from the esophageal mucosa.

而胃不同于食管。

On the other hand, rhinoviruses commonly infect the epithelium of the respiratory mucosa, which lines the nasal cavity.

另一方面，鼻病毒通常会感染鼻腔周围呼吸上皮细胞。

The path of physiology of CSOM begins with irritation and subsequent inflammation of the middle ear mucosa.

CSOM 生理学途径始于中耳刺激和随后炎症。

That's where there's repeated physical trauma like rubbing of the tooth surface against the mucosa of the cheeks.

这是由于反复摩导致物理损伤，如牙齿表面对颊黏摩。

The mucosa comes into direct contact with food, and it protects the esophageal wall from friction.

黏层与食物直接接触，同时承受摩，保护食管壁。

From the outside in, these are the adventitia, or serosa; the muscular layer; the submucosa and the mucosa.

从外到内看，分别是外（或者说浆）、肌层、黏下层与黏。

These airways have an inner lining called the mucosa that's surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle.

这些气有一层称为内层，被一层平滑肌包围。

For example, after a dental procedure that leaves a rough tooth surface, or a broken tooth rubbing against the mucosa.

比如，某次牙科治疗使牙齿变面变得粗糙，或者某颗坏掉牙齿不断摩黏。

Persistent acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa, causing local inflammation, or esophagitis.

持续性酸反流会损害食管，引起局部炎症，即食管炎。

These are the border cells of your body, lining your organs and mucosa waiting to be infected.

这些是您身体边界细胞，位于您器官和衬里，等待被感染。

Once rhinovirus has been introduced to the respiratory mucosa, it targets cell surface receptors expressed at the surface of nasal epithelial cells.

一旦鼻病毒被进入呼吸，它目标是在鼻上皮细胞表面表达细胞表面受体。

Hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen are useful for digestion, but they can be quite aggressive for the delicate mucosa.

盐酸和胃蛋白酶原有助于消化，但它们对脆弱很有侵袭性。

The mucosa is a very wet layer that helps protect the inside of your nose and sinuses and humidifies the air you breathe.

鼻黏表面非常湿润，有助于保护你鼻子和鼻窦内侧，并使你呼吸空气变得湿润。

Esophagitis, in turn, causes edema and erosion of the mucosa, which leads to more complications.

进而，食管炎会引起黏水肿和糜烂，从而导致更多并发症。

When the virus comes in contact with the respiratory mucosa or the skin of a new person, it starts replicating in the epithelial cells.

病毒进入新感染者呼吸或皮肤，随即开始了在上皮细胞中复制。

Nasal Polyp are fleshy swellings that develop in the lining mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses, air-filled spaces, linked to the nasal cavity.

鼻息肉是在与鼻腔相连鼻腔和鼻窦（充满空气间隙）内壁黏中增生肉质肿胀。

Going deeper past that layer you've got the basement membrane and loose connective tissue, called the lamina propria—which together with the epithelium makes up the mucosa.

更深层由基底细胞和疏松结缔组织组成，被称为基底层，它和上皮层一起组成了气黏层。

This bicarbonate-rich mucus protects the gastric mucosa from our own gastric acid, so it won't get digested along with food.

这种富含碳酸氢盐黏液，保护胃黏不受我们自身胃酸影响，使其不至于和食物一起被消化。

Once the measles virus gets onto the mucosa of an unsuspecting person, it quickly starts to infect the epithelial cells in the trachea or bronchi.

一旦麻疹病毒进入一个毫无戒备人，它很快就会开始感染气管或支气管上皮细胞。