To protect the pancreas, the acinar cells manufacture inactive forms of the enzymes called proenzymes, or zymogens.

为了护胰腺，腺泡细胞会产生无活性形式，称为“原”。

Trypsin is a pancreatic digestive enzyme that is produced as the zymogen trypsinogen.

胰蛋白是种胰消化，以胰蛋白原形式产生。

These zymogens are normally activated by proteases which cleave off a polypeptide chain, which is kind of like pulling the pin on a grenade.

原通过蛋白被激活，蛋白会将条多肽链切去，有点像拉手榴弹栓。

To digest a meal, these zymogens are released into the pancreatic duct, and delivered to the small intestine where they are activated by the protease trypsin.

当消化食物时，原被释放入胰管，然后进入小肠，在那里它们被胰蛋白激活。

With alcohol abuse it goes like this: alcohol increases zymogen secretion from acinar cells while decreasing fluid and bicarbonate production from the ductal epithelial cells.

酒精滥用是样引发急性胰腺炎：酒精增加腺泡细胞分泌原，同时让胰管上皮细胞减少生成水和碳酸氢盐。

For additional security, the zymogens are kept away from sensitive tissues in storage vesicles called zymogen granules, and are packaged with protease inhibitors that prevent enzymes from doing damage if they become prematurely active.

另外也是为了安全性，原被安置在存储小泡中（称为“原颗粒”）以远离敏感组织，并与蛋白抑制剂同包装，以防止它们被提前激活造成损伤。

When the pancreatic acinar cells are damaged or the the pancreatic ducts are blocked, often because of alcohol abuse or gallstones, the inactive zymogens that the pancreas produces can be prematurely converted to active digestive enzymes.

通常由酒精滥用或胆结石导致胰腺腺泡细胞受损或胰管阻塞时，胰腺产生无活性原可被过早转化为活性消化。