So, hobby gardeners shared clippings -- small pieces of the plant -- with each other.

因此园艺爱好者会剪下互相享。

Molds form branches that are like thin threads called hyphae.

霉的像细细的，它们被称作丝。

These fungi have countless branching, thread-like hyphae that together make up the mycelium.

这些真有无数的，状丝共同构成了丝体。

The most well known one is mycobacterium tuberculosis, also just called TB.

最著名的是结核杆，也缩写成TB。

" We've discovered that vitamin C kills Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells."

“我们发现维生素 C 能杀死结核杆。”

We expect that branches of life would exist on Europa, just simply because water is the key feature.

我们认为生命会存在在卫二上，只是因为水是其主要特征。

They've got an unusually waxy cell wall which is mainly a result of the production of mycolic acid.

这些细通常会有蜡样的细胞壁，由其产生的酸等泌物组成。

Several pathogens have been implicated, like Mycobacterium paratuberculosis as well as Pseudomona and Listeria species.

多种病原体与克罗恩病的发病相关，如副结核杆、假单胞和李斯特。

Now Mycobacterium tuberculosis is usually transmitted via inhalation, which is how they gain entry into the lungs.

结核杆的传播途径通常是吸入途径，也就是它们进入人体肺部的方法。

They are infected with M.tuberculosis, but do not have TB disease.

他们感染了结核杆，但没有结核病。

Certain types of mycobacteria can also lurk in hot tub water.

某些类型的杆也可以潜伏在热水浴缸中。

We expect that branches of that type of life would exists on Europa, just simply because water is the key feature.

我们期待这些生命的会存在于卫二上，只是因为水是其中的关键。

It doesn't just survive though, it proliferates and creates a localized infection.

并且它的目的并不仅仅是生存下去，结核杆在巨噬细胞内繁殖造成局部感染。

Tuberculoid is a component of the bacteria.

结核素是杆的一种组成成。

It is remarkable for its loose, airy, wide-branching habit and thin gray foliage.

它以其松散、通风、宽的习性和薄的灰色叶子而著称。

And once protofeathers started branching, they were able to take on all kinds of new shapes.

一旦原始羽毛开始，它们就能呈现出各种新的形状。

In addition, you've also got elastic fibers — which are longer and thinner, and form a branching framework within the matrix.

此外，你还得到了弹性纤维——这些纤维更长更薄，在基质中形成了一个框架。

Mycobacteria are an interesting bunch, they are slender, rod shaped, and need oxygen to survive, in other words, they're strict aerobes.

结核杆是一组很有趣的病原，为细长的杆状，需要氧气来繁殖，换言之，它们是严格意义上的需氧。

Usually it's caused by viruses and bacteria, but it can also be caused by fungi and a special class of bacteria called mycobacteria.

通常它是由病毒和细引起的，但也可能由真和一种叫做杆的特殊细引起。

He has focused the bank on eliminating extreme poverty and has promised that the sprawling organisation will be more “scientific” in delivering its services.

他使得银行专注于解决极度的贫困，还答应使这个多的组织在服务方面变得更加“科学化”。