This one's called norepinephrine. And it is always norepinephrine that's released from postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system.

这个叫做去甲上素。交神经系统节后纤维释放永远是去甲上素。

And Noradrenaline is also the hormone that kickstarts the fight or flight response.

去甲上素也是启动战斗或逃跑反应激素。

Noradrenaline is another component in making you anxious.

去甲上素是另-种会到焦虑成分。

This is because the nicotine in cigarettes released epinephrine and norepinephrine, which increase your heart rate and narrowed blood vessels.

这是因为烟草中尼古丁会释放上素和去甲上素。

When you fall asleep though, your norepinephrine levels drop.

当入睡时，去甲上素水平会下降。

Your adrenal gland releases the stress hormones cortisol, epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, and norepinephrine.

上会释放压力荷尔蒙皮质醇，上素，以及去甲上素。

Norepinephrine is always present at some level while you're awake.

在清醒时，去甲上素总保持在一定程度上。

It will immediately increase noradrenaline in the body to activate our fight and flight system.

它会立即增加体内去甲上素，以激活我们战斗和逃跑系统。

We will have a huge increase by 2.5-fold of noradrenaline within a few minutes.

我们会在几分钟内大量增加 2.5 倍去甲上素。

So, the preganglionic fiber releases ACh, and the postganglionic releases norepinephrine.

所以节前神经纤维释放 ACh，节后神经纤维释放去甲上素。

Norepinephrine is another neurotransmitter involved in attention and arousal.

去甲上素是与注意和觉醒相关另一种神经递质。

Whether you're awake or asleep, norepinephrine helps you remember things.

无论清醒状态下还是睡着了，去甲上素都能帮助人们记住各种事情。

The body compensates by increasing its number of noradrenaline receptors so it can detect much smaller amounts of noradrenaline.

为了对抗这种变化，人体会增加去甲上素受体数量，以便能侦测到更低浓度 去甲上素。

The sympathetic neurons releases norepinephrine, also called noradrenaline, and the cells of the adrenal medulla release norepinephrine and epinephrine, also called adrenaline.

交神经元释放去甲上素，而上髓质细胞释放去甲上素与上素。

Yeah, I said the adrenal glands release norepinephrine as a hormone.

是，我说上释放去甲上素作为荷尔蒙。

First, it optimizes the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

首先，它能优化神经递质水平，如血清素、去甲上素和多巴胺。

Some research has found that there is a loss of noradrenaline neurons in the brain in Parkinson's patients.

有研究发现，帕金森患者脑内缺少“去甲上素神经元”。

Norepinephrine has substantial effects on focus, attention, vigilance and it improves mood.

去甲上素对人专注度、注意力和警觉性都有显著影响，而且可以改善情绪。

And disturbances in norepinephrine transmission is thought to also be a key component in depression.

去甲上素传递紊乱也被认为是抑郁症关键诱因。

Aside from its positive effects on dopamine, exercise also elevates levels of norepinephrine and serotonin.

除了可以增加多巴胺外，锻炼还能提高体内去甲上素以及 5-羟色胺水平。