Unit 01-a
budget
vt. plan the spending of or provide (money) in a plan
为......做预算，编制预算
The government plans to budget a new hospital.
政府计划在预算中拨款建一家新医院。
The government has budgeted 10 million dollars for education spending.
政府在预算中拨款一千万美元作为教育经费。
vi. save or spend money (for a particular purpose)
（为特定目的）节省或用钱
If we budget carefully, we'll be able to buy a new car.
如果精打细算，我们就能买一辆新车。
They budgeted for a new copying machine.
他们打算花钱买一台新复印机。
n. [C, U] a plan to show how much money a person or organization will make and how much they will need or be able to spend
预算
It is important to balance one's budget.
使收支平衡十分重要。
They are preparing for the company's advertising budget for 1993.
他们正在制定该公司1993年的广告预算。
a. inexpensive; cheap
便宜的，廉价的
There is a budget motel at the corner.
拐弯处有一家收费公道的汽车旅馆。
The travel company will only charge you a budget price for going to Florida in spring.
旅游公司对春季去佛罗里达的旅客，减价收费。
acute
a. 1. (of feelings or the senses) fine; sharp
（指感觉或感官）深刻的，敏感的，尖锐的
Dogs have an acute sense of smell.
狗有灵敏的嗅觉。
The president suffered acute embarrassment from this news.
这一新闻使总统十分难堪。
2. severe, very great
严重的
There is an acute shortage of water in this region.
这个地区严重缺水.
replace
vt. 1.put (sth.) back in its place
把……放回原处
He replaced the magazine on the shelf.
他把杂志放回到书架上。
She replaced the telephone handle.
她搁上电话机听筒。
2.take the place of (sb./sth.)
代替，取代
Can anything replace a mother's love and care?
世上有什么东西能取代母亲的关爱吗？
foreigner
n. [C] person from a country other than one's own
外国人
Many of my schoolmates are foreigners.
我的许多同学是外国人。
Foreigners are often amazed by our exceptional Chinese culture.
外国人常常对我们中国独特的文化感到惊讶。
restless
a. 1.unable to be still or quiet, esp. because of lack of interest, impatience, anxiety, etc.
（尤指因厌烦、烦躁和焦虑而引起的）不安定的或不安静的
After one month in the job, he felt restless and decided to leave.
这项工作他只干一个月就感到厌倦并决定不干了。
The children grew restless with the long wait.
由于等候太久，孩子们变得不安静起来。
2. always moving
动作不停的，好动的
Restless wind moved through the trees.
风不停地在树林里吹着。
The restless lion paced up and down in its cage.
狮子在笼子里不停地窜来窜去。
restlessly
ad. 不安定地，不安静地
She moved restlessly in her chair.
她焦躁不安地在椅子上挪动着。
He moved about restlessly, lighting a cigarette.
他点燃了一支烟，焦躁不安地走来走去。
elbow
vt. push sb. to one side with the elbow or elbows
用肘把人推到一旁
He elbowed me out of the way.
他用肘把我推开了。
She elbowed her way forward.
她用胳膊肘推挤着向前走。
n. [C] (outside part of the) joint where the arm bends
肘
He sat with his elbows on the table.
他坐着，双肘架在桌子上。
His arm was wrapped from the elbow to the fingers.
他的胳膊从肘部一直包扎到手指。
abrupt
a. 1. (of behavior) rough; offensive
（指行为）粗鲁的，无礼的
The general was offended by his abrupt reply.
将军被他生硬的回答激怒了。
The head teacher is very abrupt with parents.
校长对家长们的态度很粗鲁。
2.sudden and unexpected
突然的，意外的
The road is full of many abrupt turns.
这条路有许多急转弯。
His abrupt departure surprised everyone.
他的突然离去使大家都很吃惊。
brief
a. 1.lasting only a short time; short
短暂的
My time of knowing him is brief.
我与他相识的时间不长。
Mozart's life was brief.
莫扎特的一生是短暂的。
2.(of speech or writing) using few words
（指说话或写作）用字简练的，简洁的
Be brief and to the point.
简单扼要一点！
I was given a brief introduction to the developing local history research.
我得到了有关地方史研究发展情况的简要介绍。
vt. give sb. necessary information or instructions, esp. in order to prepare sb. for an activity
预先向... ...提供必要信息或指示
The Prime Minister was fully briefed before the meeting.
首相在会前获得了详尽的有关资料。
They briefed the press about the business failing.
他们向新闻界通报了交易衰退的情况。
opening
a. first
初始的
The queen attended the opening night of the theatre.
女王观看了这家剧院的首夜演出。
n. 1.[C ] (esp. sing.) beginning; start
开始
the opening of a book
书的开头
The establishment of the new China marks the opening of a new age.
新中国的成立标志着一个新纪元的开始。
2. [C] position (in a business or firm) which is open or not occupied
（商号或公司的）职位空缺
There are few openings in publishing for new graduates.
出版行业能为新毕业的大学生提供的空缺职位极少。
I'm trying to apply for an opening in an advertising firm.
我正在申请广告公司的一个空缺职位。
ritual
a. of or done regularly followed in exactly the same way each time
例行的，老规矩的，惯常的
Every day the work begins with the ritual phrases of greeting.
每天的工作以例行的问候语开始。
n. [C, U] a method followed repeatedly in the same way every time
固定的程序
Wives make a ritual of their household duties.
家庭主妇每天都是一成不变地操持家务。
I've wound up the clock so many times that it has become a ritual.
我经常给钟上发条，以致这成了我的一个习惯。
interaction
n. [C, U] communication; working together
交流；相互作用，相互影响，合作
Increased interaction between different police forces would improve the rate of solving crimes.
警方间加强合作可以提高破案率。
The interaction of the two groups produced many good ideas.
这两个组的相互交流产生了许多好主意。
convention
n. 1. [C, U] (an example of) generally accepted practice, esp. with regard to social behavior
惯例，习俗，常规
By convention the leader is always a man.
按照惯例，领导总是由男人担任。
Wearing a coat and tie to a good restaurant is an accepted convention.
进入高级饭店要穿外套系领带是公认的规矩。
2. [C] meeting of members of a profession, political party, etc.
（专业人员、政党的）会议，大会
hold a convention
召开会议
The convention decided on a new rule.
大会通过了一项新规定。
leisure
n. 1. [U] time free from work or other duties; spare time
空闲，闲暇
We've been working all week without a moment's leisure.
我们已整整干了一周，无一刻闲暇。
He has some leisure from his studies.
他在学习之余尚有一些空闲时间。
2. [U] ease
悠闲，安逸
A life of easy leisure makes a man less adventurous.
安逸的生活会使人变得不思进取。
After the end of her career, she lives in leisure at home.
结束了职业生涯后，她闲居在家。
leisurely
a. & ad. without hurrying
从容（地），不匆忙（地）
walk at a leisurely pace
迈着从容的步伐行进
Sue ran out of the room in tears, followed, at a more leisurely pace, by her husband.
苏哭着跑出了房间，她的丈夫慢悠悠地跟在她后面。
assess
vt. judge or decide the amount, value, quality or importance of
估价，评价
They assessed the value of the house at $60,000.
他们估算这幢房子值6万美元。
They say they can assess intelligence from these tests.
他们声称通过这些测试能对智力进行评估。
surroundings
n. (pl.) all the objects, conditions, etc. that are around (and may affect) sb./sth.; environment
周围的事物；环境
Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.
动物园里的动物并不是生活在它们的自然环境里。
The poor child had never had cheerful surroundings.
这可怜的孩子从未有过快乐的生活环境。
golf
n. 高尔夫球（户外运动，打高尔夫球的人设法以最少击球数把小硬球打入场内9或18个洞中）
generally
ad. 1.usually, in a general sense
一般地, 通常地
Generally, he doesn't take medicine, but sometimes he does.
他通常不吃药，但有时也吃。
The baby generally wakes up three times during the night.
这婴儿晚上通常要醒来三次。
Generally speaking, it's quite a fair agreement.
总的说来，这是一个相当公正的协议。
2.by most people; widely
广泛地；普遍地
It was once generally believed that the earth was the center of the space.
人们一度曾普遍认为地球是宇宙的中心。
I shall now go on to develop my point more generally.
现在我将继续对我的观点作更广泛的阐述。
probe
v. examine (sth.) closely
刺探，查究，探究，彻底调查
The matter must be probed to the bottom.
这件事必须彻底调查。
She tried to probe his mind to find out what he was thinking.
她试图探究他的心思，以便知道他在想些什么。
explore or examine (sth.) with or as if with a probe
（用探针或探测器）检查，探查
The surgeon probed for the bullet in the man's back.
外科医师试图探查出那个男子背部的子弹。
Searchlights probed the night sky.
探照灯探索夜空。
n. [C] 探针，探子（医生用来检查伤口的一种钝头细长工具）
Scientists put a probe into the muscle of the fish in order to measure its body temperature.
科学家们把探针插入鱼的肌肉，以测量其体温。
2. [C] (esp. in news) complete and careful enquiry into sth.
(尤为新闻用语) 刺探，查究，彻底调查
a probe into the activities of drug dealers
对贩毒分子活动的调查
In their official probe, they found proof of wicked moral practices within the company.
他们在正式调查中，发现了这个公司内部腐败的证据。
tick
vi. (of a clock, etc.) make a sequence of quiet short regularly repeated sounds
（指钟表等）滴答滴答地响
My watch doesn't tick because it's electronic.
我的表不滴答作响，因为它是电子表。
While we waited the taxi's meter kept ticking away.
在我们等待时，出租汽车的计程表一直在滴滴答答地响着。
vt. put a (√) beside (a point, etc.)
在（项目旁）打上勾号
The jobs that are done have been ticked off.
那些已完成的工作（旁边）都已打了勾。
Tick the names of the people who have accepted the invitation.
在已接受邀请的人的姓名旁边打上勾。
n. 1.[C] light and regularly repeated sound, esp. that of a clock or watch
（尤指钟表等）滴答声
The continual tick of the clock in the kitchen got on my nerves.
厨房里的钟不断地作响，令我心烦。
The ticks seem to be coming from that bag over there.
滴答声似乎是从那边的袋子里发出的。
2.[C] a mark (√)
勾号(√)
The teacher put a tick against the numbers that were correct.
老师在正确的数字旁打上了勾。
I was pleased to see a page of ticks.
我很高兴看到打满勾的答卷。
consequently
ad. as a result; so
因此，所以
My car broke down and consequently I was late.
我的汽车半路上出了毛病，所以来晚了。
I spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to eat during the last few days of the holidays.
我在假期的第一周就用掉了大部分钱，因此最后几天几乎没什么可吃的了。
saving
n. 1. [C] amount saved
节省，贮存
2. (pl.) money saved up
储蓄金
The new management had achieved even bigger savings.
新的管理部门实现了更大幅度的节约。
It took all our savings to buy the house.
买这房子花去了我们的全部积蓄。
labor-saving
a. designed to reduce the amount of work or effort needed to do sth.
省工的，节省劳力的，减轻劳动的
Women like the washing machine as it is labor-saving.
女人 们喜欢洗衣机，因为它能节省劳力。
A personal computer can be very labor-saving.
个人电脑能节省很多劳力。
device
n. 1. [C] thing made or altered for a special purpose
器械，装置
He made a device to make the door shut by itself.
他制作了一种能使门自动关闭的装置。
A computer is a device for processing information.
计算机是一种处理信息的装置。
2. [C] a plan, esp. for a rather dishonest purpose
计划，策略，诡计
Her illness is only a device to escape seeing him.
她的病只是回避见他的一种策略。
By various devices he was able to make a huge fortune.
他通过各种手段赚了一大笔钱。
fax
n. [C, U]
传真通信，电传真
I'll send you a fax with the details of the meeting.
我会把会议的细节用传真发给你。
I'll send you the agreement by fax.
我会把合同用传真发给你。
[C] 传真机
fax machine
传真机
email
n. 电子邮件(electronic mail 的缩略)
electronic
a. 1. produced or operated by a flow of electrons
电子的，电子操作的
an electronic address book
电子地址簿
an electronic game
电子游戏
2. concerned with electronic devices
和电子设备（如计算机）有关的
This dictionary is available in electronic form.
这部词典有电子版本。
significance
n. 1.[U] meaning
意义
What is the significance of this sign?
这个符号的意义是什么？
Could you explain to me the significance of this part of the agreement?
请把合同中这一部分的含义给我解释一下好吗？
2.[U] importance
重要性
Few people realized the significance of the discovery.
当时几乎没有人意识到这一发现的重要性。
Money at this period held no significance for him.
在这段时间里金钱对他来说毫无意义。
conduct
vt. 1.carry out, direct, manage
进行, 指导, 管理
We have been conducting a survey of the region.
我们对该地区进行了调查。
He should learn how to conduct a meeting.
他应该学会如何主持会议。
2. act as the path for (electricity, heat, etc.)
传导 (电、 热等）
Copper conducts electricity well.
铜具有良好的导电性能。
n. [U] person's behavior (esp. its moral element)
行为，品行
The prisoner was set free early because of good conduct.
那个囚犯因表现好而被提前释放。
Nobody can stand such shameless conduct.
没有人能容忍如此不知羞耻的行为。
increasingly
ad. more and more
逐渐地，日益地，逐渐增加地
Increasingly, people are realizing that our basic problems are not economic ones.
人们逐渐认识到我们的根本问题并不是经济方面的问题。
The country became increasingly rich and successful.
这个王国日趋富足昌盛。
teleconference
n. （通过电话、电视等的）电信会议
satellite
n. 1.[C] 人造卫星
The World Cup was broadcast around the world by satellite.
世界杯赛通过卫星转播到世界各地。
Satellite communication is widely used nowadays.
现在卫星通讯已被广泛采用。
2.[C] 卫星
satellite state
卫星国
The moon is the Earth's satellite.
月亮是地球的卫星。
obtain
vt. get sth.; come to own or control sth. (by buying, borrowing, taking, etc.)
取得，获得，买到，借到
He always manages to obtain what he wants.
他想要的他总能弄到。
Further information can be obtained from our head office.
可以从我们的总部获得更多的资料。
superb
a. excellent; outstanding; wonderful
极好的；壮丽的，华美的
The sports center is superb.
这个体育中心是一流的。
The view from my window is superb.
从窗外看去，景色壮丽。
whereas
conj. but, in contrast; while
反之；却，而
He earns $8,000 whereas she gets at least $20,000 every year.
他一年只挣8,000美元，而她至少挣20,000美元。
She is hard-working, whereas he is lazy.
她很勤快，而他却懒惰。
elapse
vi. (of time) pass
（指时间）过去，逝去
Three years have elapsed since we last met.
自从我们上次见面以来已经过去三年了。
Four years had elapsed since he left college and still he hadn't found a job.
他大学毕业已有四年光阴，却仍未找到工作。
skillful
a. having or showing ability to do sth. well
熟练的，有技巧的，灵巧的
He is skillful at inventing excuses.
他善于编造借口。
Soon they became very skillful in answering such questions.
他们很快变得善于回答这类问题。
skillfulness
n. 熟练，有技巧，灵巧
competent
a. (of people) having the necessary ability, skill, knowledge, etc.
（指人）有能力（技术、知识）的，能干的，胜任的
He's not competent to look after young children.
他不太会照管孩子。
My secretary is perfectly competent, but she doesn't have much patience.
我的秘书完全能够胜任她的工作，只是她耐心不够。
fulfill
vt. 1.perform (sth.) or bring (sth.) to a completion
履行，执行，完成
A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the sick.
护士在护理病人时要履行许多职责。
I have fulfilled many of my youthful aims.
我已实现了我年轻时的许多目标。
2.satisfy (sth.); answer
满足；与... ... 相符
Does your job fulfill your hopes?
你的工作符合你的期望吗？
The traveling library fulfills an important need for people who live in the countryside.
流动图书馆满足了乡村居民的重要需求。
result in
have as a result, cause
致使，导致，造成... ... 的结果
Our efforts resulted in success.
我们的努力取得了成功。
The game resulted in another victory by our team.
比赛结果，我们队又取得了胜利。
nothing but
only
只有，除... ... 以外什么也不
I want nothing but the best for my children.
我只希望能把最好的给予我的孩子们。
The story was nothing but lies.
这个故事只不过是一通谎言而已。
account for
explain the cause of sth.
解释，说明
Please account for your conduct.
请解释你的行为。
How do you account for losing such a large sum of money?
你怎样说明为什么损失了这么大一笔钱？
charge for
ask (an amount) as a price
收费，要价，索价
I'm not going there again - they charged me $1 for a cup of coffee!
我再也不去那里了，他们一杯咖啡要了我一美元！
How much does the hotel charge for a room?
这家旅馆一个房间要收多少钱？
sand in the hourglass
沙漏中的沙（沙漏上端所盛细沙用一小时从窄缝中漏到下端）
in a rush
in a hurry
匆忙的
I'm in such a rush that I can't stop.
我忙得手脚不闲，停不下来。
Everybody is always in a rush to get ready in the mornings.
每天早上，每个人的准备工作都总是很匆忙的。
under pressure
be influenced; be forced
在压力下，在强力下
She doesn't usually shout; she must be under pressure.
她通常不会大声嚷嚷 ；她一定是压力太大了。
He only agreed to leave the country under pressure.
他只是在压力下才同意出国。
go with
exist or take place at the same time; be found together
同时发生，伴随
Money does not always go with happiness.
有钱并不总是幸福。
Responsibility goes with becoming a father.
做了父亲就有了责任。
work at
put effort into （sth. or doing sth.）; engage in some activity
工作，从事于，钻研
I've been working at my essay all day.
我整天都在不停地写文章。
You will have to work at the weak points in your English if you want to pass the examination.
如果你想要通过考试，就得努力攻克你英文方面的薄弱环节。
save for
keep sth. for future use; not use up (sth.)
储存，储蓄
Save your strength for the hard work you'll have to do later.
养精蓄锐以应付今后你得去从事的繁重工作。
Can you save it for later?
你能不能把这留到以后（等我空闲的时候）告诉我？
at hand
1. being considered
正考虑的
the matter at hand,
正在审议的事
2. near in time or position
在附近，在手边，临近的
We want to make sure that help is at hand for all children in hunger.
我们想确保所有挨饿的孩子都能很快地得到帮助。
Remember to keep a note-book at hand all the time.
记住要随时带好笔记本。
in person
physically present
亲身，亲自
The winner will be there in person to collect the prize.
获胜者将亲自去那里领奖。
I had seen her before on TV, but she looked very different when I met her in person.
我以前在电视上见过她，但当我和她面对面相见时却看上去很不一样。
due to
as a result of, caused by, because of
由于，因为
His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the way.
他之所以迟到是因为路上车辆太多。
be worthy of
(should) be given (sth.)
值得的，配得上的
Their efforts are worthy of your support.
他们的努力值得你们的支持。
Two points in this report are especially worthy of notice.
这篇报告中有两点尤其值得注意。
下载全新《每日英语听力》客户端，查看完整内容vt. plan the spending of or provide (money) in a plan
为......做预算，编制预算
The government plans to budget a new hospital.
政府计划在预算中拨款建一家新医院。
The government has budgeted 10 million dollars for education spending.
政府在预算中拨款一千万美元作为教育经费。
vi. save or spend money (for a particular purpose)
（为特定目的）节省或用钱
If we budget carefully, we'll be able to buy a new car.
如果精打细算，我们就能买一辆新车。
They budgeted for a new copying machine.
他们打算花钱买一台新复印机。
n. [C, U] a plan to show how much money a person or organization will make and how much they will need or be able to spend
预算
It is important to balance one's budget.
使收支平衡十分重要。
They are preparing for the company's advertising budget for 1993.
他们正在制定该公司1993年的广告预算。
a. inexpensive; cheap
便宜的，廉价的
There is a budget motel at the corner.
拐弯处有一家收费公道的汽车旅馆。
The travel company will only charge you a budget price for going to Florida in spring.
旅游公司对春季去佛罗里达的旅客，减价收费。
acute
a. 1. (of feelings or the senses) fine; sharp
（指感觉或感官）深刻的，敏感的，尖锐的
Dogs have an acute sense of smell.
狗有灵敏的嗅觉。
The president suffered acute embarrassment from this news.
这一新闻使总统十分难堪。
2. severe, very great
严重的
There is an acute shortage of water in this region.
这个地区严重缺水.
replace
vt. 1.put (sth.) back in its place
把……放回原处
He replaced the magazine on the shelf.
他把杂志放回到书架上。
She replaced the telephone handle.
她搁上电话机听筒。
2.take the place of (sb./sth.)
代替，取代
Can anything replace a mother's love and care?
世上有什么东西能取代母亲的关爱吗？
foreigner
n. [C] person from a country other than one's own
外国人
Many of my schoolmates are foreigners.
我的许多同学是外国人。
Foreigners are often amazed by our exceptional Chinese culture.
外国人常常对我们中国独特的文化感到惊讶。
restless
a. 1.unable to be still or quiet, esp. because of lack of interest, impatience, anxiety, etc.
（尤指因厌烦、烦躁和焦虑而引起的）不安定的或不安静的
After one month in the job, he felt restless and decided to leave.
这项工作他只干一个月就感到厌倦并决定不干了。
The children grew restless with the long wait.
由于等候太久，孩子们变得不安静起来。
2. always moving
动作不停的，好动的
Restless wind moved through the trees.
风不停地在树林里吹着。
The restless lion paced up and down in its cage.
狮子在笼子里不停地窜来窜去。
restlessly
ad. 不安定地，不安静地
She moved restlessly in her chair.
她焦躁不安地在椅子上挪动着。
He moved about restlessly, lighting a cigarette.
他点燃了一支烟，焦躁不安地走来走去。
elbow
vt. push sb. to one side with the elbow or elbows
用肘把人推到一旁
He elbowed me out of the way.
他用肘把我推开了。
She elbowed her way forward.
她用胳膊肘推挤着向前走。
n. [C] (outside part of the) joint where the arm bends
肘
He sat with his elbows on the table.
他坐着，双肘架在桌子上。
His arm was wrapped from the elbow to the fingers.
他的胳膊从肘部一直包扎到手指。
abrupt
a. 1. (of behavior) rough; offensive
（指行为）粗鲁的，无礼的
The general was offended by his abrupt reply.
将军被他生硬的回答激怒了。
The head teacher is very abrupt with parents.
校长对家长们的态度很粗鲁。
2.sudden and unexpected
突然的，意外的
The road is full of many abrupt turns.
这条路有许多急转弯。
His abrupt departure surprised everyone.
他的突然离去使大家都很吃惊。
brief
a. 1.lasting only a short time; short
短暂的
My time of knowing him is brief.
我与他相识的时间不长。
Mozart's life was brief.
莫扎特的一生是短暂的。
2.(of speech or writing) using few words
（指说话或写作）用字简练的，简洁的
Be brief and to the point.
简单扼要一点！
I was given a brief introduction to the developing local history research.
我得到了有关地方史研究发展情况的简要介绍。
vt. give sb. necessary information or instructions, esp. in order to prepare sb. for an activity
预先向... ...提供必要信息或指示
The Prime Minister was fully briefed before the meeting.
首相在会前获得了详尽的有关资料。
They briefed the press about the business failing.
他们向新闻界通报了交易衰退的情况。
opening
a. first
初始的
The queen attended the opening night of the theatre.
女王观看了这家剧院的首夜演出。
n. 1.[C ] (esp. sing.) beginning; start
开始
the opening of a book
书的开头
The establishment of the new China marks the opening of a new age.
新中国的成立标志着一个新纪元的开始。
2. [C] position (in a business or firm) which is open or not occupied
（商号或公司的）职位空缺
There are few openings in publishing for new graduates.
出版行业能为新毕业的大学生提供的空缺职位极少。
I'm trying to apply for an opening in an advertising firm.
我正在申请广告公司的一个空缺职位。
ritual
a. of or done regularly followed in exactly the same way each time
例行的，老规矩的，惯常的
Every day the work begins with the ritual phrases of greeting.
每天的工作以例行的问候语开始。
n. [C, U] a method followed repeatedly in the same way every time
固定的程序
Wives make a ritual of their household duties.
家庭主妇每天都是一成不变地操持家务。
I've wound up the clock so many times that it has become a ritual.
我经常给钟上发条，以致这成了我的一个习惯。
interaction
n. [C, U] communication; working together
交流；相互作用，相互影响，合作
Increased interaction between different police forces would improve the rate of solving crimes.
警方间加强合作可以提高破案率。
The interaction of the two groups produced many good ideas.
这两个组的相互交流产生了许多好主意。
convention
n. 1. [C, U] (an example of) generally accepted practice, esp. with regard to social behavior
惯例，习俗，常规
By convention the leader is always a man.
按照惯例，领导总是由男人担任。
Wearing a coat and tie to a good restaurant is an accepted convention.
进入高级饭店要穿外套系领带是公认的规矩。
2. [C] meeting of members of a profession, political party, etc.
（专业人员、政党的）会议，大会
hold a convention
召开会议
The convention decided on a new rule.
大会通过了一项新规定。
leisure
n. 1. [U] time free from work or other duties; spare time
空闲，闲暇
We've been working all week without a moment's leisure.
我们已整整干了一周，无一刻闲暇。
He has some leisure from his studies.
他在学习之余尚有一些空闲时间。
2. [U] ease
悠闲，安逸
A life of easy leisure makes a man less adventurous.
安逸的生活会使人变得不思进取。
After the end of her career, she lives in leisure at home.
结束了职业生涯后，她闲居在家。
leisurely
a. & ad. without hurrying
从容（地），不匆忙（地）
walk at a leisurely pace
迈着从容的步伐行进
Sue ran out of the room in tears, followed, at a more leisurely pace, by her husband.
苏哭着跑出了房间，她的丈夫慢悠悠地跟在她后面。
assess
vt. judge or decide the amount, value, quality or importance of
估价，评价
They assessed the value of the house at $60,000.
他们估算这幢房子值6万美元。
They say they can assess intelligence from these tests.
他们声称通过这些测试能对智力进行评估。
surroundings
n. (pl.) all the objects, conditions, etc. that are around (and may affect) sb./sth.; environment
周围的事物；环境
Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.
动物园里的动物并不是生活在它们的自然环境里。
The poor child had never had cheerful surroundings.
这可怜的孩子从未有过快乐的生活环境。
golf
n. 高尔夫球（户外运动，打高尔夫球的人设法以最少击球数把小硬球打入场内9或18个洞中）
generally
ad. 1.usually, in a general sense
一般地, 通常地
Generally, he doesn't take medicine, but sometimes he does.
他通常不吃药，但有时也吃。
The baby generally wakes up three times during the night.
这婴儿晚上通常要醒来三次。
Generally speaking, it's quite a fair agreement.
总的说来，这是一个相当公正的协议。
2.by most people; widely
广泛地；普遍地
It was once generally believed that the earth was the center of the space.
人们一度曾普遍认为地球是宇宙的中心。
I shall now go on to develop my point more generally.
现在我将继续对我的观点作更广泛的阐述。
probe
v. examine (sth.) closely
刺探，查究，探究，彻底调查
The matter must be probed to the bottom.
这件事必须彻底调查。
She tried to probe his mind to find out what he was thinking.
她试图探究他的心思，以便知道他在想些什么。
explore or examine (sth.) with or as if with a probe
（用探针或探测器）检查，探查
The surgeon probed for the bullet in the man's back.
外科医师试图探查出那个男子背部的子弹。
Searchlights probed the night sky.
探照灯探索夜空。
n. [C] 探针，探子（医生用来检查伤口的一种钝头细长工具）
Scientists put a probe into the muscle of the fish in order to measure its body temperature.
科学家们把探针插入鱼的肌肉，以测量其体温。
2. [C] (esp. in news) complete and careful enquiry into sth.
(尤为新闻用语) 刺探，查究，彻底调查
a probe into the activities of drug dealers
对贩毒分子活动的调查
In their official probe, they found proof of wicked moral practices within the company.
他们在正式调查中，发现了这个公司内部腐败的证据。
tick
vi. (of a clock, etc.) make a sequence of quiet short regularly repeated sounds
（指钟表等）滴答滴答地响
My watch doesn't tick because it's electronic.
我的表不滴答作响，因为它是电子表。
While we waited the taxi's meter kept ticking away.
在我们等待时，出租汽车的计程表一直在滴滴答答地响着。
vt. put a (√) beside (a point, etc.)
在（项目旁）打上勾号
The jobs that are done have been ticked off.
那些已完成的工作（旁边）都已打了勾。
Tick the names of the people who have accepted the invitation.
在已接受邀请的人的姓名旁边打上勾。
n. 1.[C] light and regularly repeated sound, esp. that of a clock or watch
（尤指钟表等）滴答声
The continual tick of the clock in the kitchen got on my nerves.
厨房里的钟不断地作响，令我心烦。
The ticks seem to be coming from that bag over there.
滴答声似乎是从那边的袋子里发出的。
2.[C] a mark (√)
勾号(√)
The teacher put a tick against the numbers that were correct.
老师在正确的数字旁打上了勾。
I was pleased to see a page of ticks.
我很高兴看到打满勾的答卷。
consequently
ad. as a result; so
因此，所以
My car broke down and consequently I was late.
我的汽车半路上出了毛病，所以来晚了。
I spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to eat during the last few days of the holidays.
我在假期的第一周就用掉了大部分钱，因此最后几天几乎没什么可吃的了。
saving
n. 1. [C] amount saved
节省，贮存
2. (pl.) money saved up
储蓄金
The new management had achieved even bigger savings.
新的管理部门实现了更大幅度的节约。
It took all our savings to buy the house.
买这房子花去了我们的全部积蓄。
labor-saving
a. designed to reduce the amount of work or effort needed to do sth.
省工的，节省劳力的，减轻劳动的
Women like the washing machine as it is labor-saving.
女人 们喜欢洗衣机，因为它能节省劳力。
A personal computer can be very labor-saving.
个人电脑能节省很多劳力。
device
n. 1. [C] thing made or altered for a special purpose
器械，装置
He made a device to make the door shut by itself.
他制作了一种能使门自动关闭的装置。
A computer is a device for processing information.
计算机是一种处理信息的装置。
2. [C] a plan, esp. for a rather dishonest purpose
计划，策略，诡计
Her illness is only a device to escape seeing him.
她的病只是回避见他的一种策略。
By various devices he was able to make a huge fortune.
他通过各种手段赚了一大笔钱。
fax
n. [C, U]
传真通信，电传真
I'll send you a fax with the details of the meeting.
我会把会议的细节用传真发给你。
I'll send you the agreement by fax.
我会把合同用传真发给你。
[C] 传真机
fax machine
传真机
n. 电子邮件(electronic mail 的缩略)
electronic
a. 1. produced or operated by a flow of electrons
电子的，电子操作的
an electronic address book
电子地址簿
an electronic game
电子游戏
2. concerned with electronic devices
和电子设备（如计算机）有关的
This dictionary is available in electronic form.
这部词典有电子版本。
significance
n. 1.[U] meaning
意义
What is the significance of this sign?
这个符号的意义是什么？
Could you explain to me the significance of this part of the agreement?
请把合同中这一部分的含义给我解释一下好吗？
2.[U] importance
重要性
Few people realized the significance of the discovery.
当时几乎没有人意识到这一发现的重要性。
Money at this period held no significance for him.
在这段时间里金钱对他来说毫无意义。
conduct
vt. 1.carry out, direct, manage
进行, 指导, 管理
We have been conducting a survey of the region.
我们对该地区进行了调查。
He should learn how to conduct a meeting.
他应该学会如何主持会议。
2. act as the path for (electricity, heat, etc.)
传导 (电、 热等）
Copper conducts electricity well.
铜具有良好的导电性能。
n. [U] person's behavior (esp. its moral element)
行为，品行
The prisoner was set free early because of good conduct.
那个囚犯因表现好而被提前释放。
Nobody can stand such shameless conduct.
没有人能容忍如此不知羞耻的行为。
increasingly
ad. more and more
逐渐地，日益地，逐渐增加地
Increasingly, people are realizing that our basic problems are not economic ones.
人们逐渐认识到我们的根本问题并不是经济方面的问题。
The country became increasingly rich and successful.
这个王国日趋富足昌盛。
teleconference
n. （通过电话、电视等的）电信会议
satellite
n. 1.[C] 人造卫星
The World Cup was broadcast around the world by satellite.
世界杯赛通过卫星转播到世界各地。
Satellite communication is widely used nowadays.
现在卫星通讯已被广泛采用。
2.[C] 卫星
satellite state
卫星国
The moon is the Earth's satellite.
月亮是地球的卫星。
obtain
vt. get sth.; come to own or control sth. (by buying, borrowing, taking, etc.)
取得，获得，买到，借到
He always manages to obtain what he wants.
他想要的他总能弄到。
Further information can be obtained from our head office.
可以从我们的总部获得更多的资料。
superb
a. excellent; outstanding; wonderful
极好的；壮丽的，华美的
The sports center is superb.
这个体育中心是一流的。
The view from my window is superb.
从窗外看去，景色壮丽。
whereas
conj. but, in contrast; while
反之；却，而
He earns $8,000 whereas she gets at least $20,000 every year.
他一年只挣8,000美元，而她至少挣20,000美元。
She is hard-working, whereas he is lazy.
她很勤快，而他却懒惰。
elapse
vi. (of time) pass
（指时间）过去，逝去
Three years have elapsed since we last met.
自从我们上次见面以来已经过去三年了。
Four years had elapsed since he left college and still he hadn't found a job.
他大学毕业已有四年光阴，却仍未找到工作。
skillful
a. having or showing ability to do sth. well
熟练的，有技巧的，灵巧的
He is skillful at inventing excuses.
他善于编造借口。
Soon they became very skillful in answering such questions.
他们很快变得善于回答这类问题。
skillfulness
n. 熟练，有技巧，灵巧
competent
a. (of people) having the necessary ability, skill, knowledge, etc.
（指人）有能力（技术、知识）的，能干的，胜任的
He's not competent to look after young children.
他不太会照管孩子。
My secretary is perfectly competent, but she doesn't have much patience.
我的秘书完全能够胜任她的工作，只是她耐心不够。
fulfill
vt. 1.perform (sth.) or bring (sth.) to a completion
履行，执行，完成
A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the sick.
护士在护理病人时要履行许多职责。
I have fulfilled many of my youthful aims.
我已实现了我年轻时的许多目标。
2.satisfy (sth.); answer
满足；与... ... 相符
Does your job fulfill your hopes?
你的工作符合你的期望吗？
The traveling library fulfills an important need for people who live in the countryside.
流动图书馆满足了乡村居民的重要需求。
result in
have as a result, cause
致使，导致，造成... ... 的结果
Our efforts resulted in success.
我们的努力取得了成功。
The game resulted in another victory by our team.
比赛结果，我们队又取得了胜利。
nothing but
only
只有，除... ... 以外什么也不
I want nothing but the best for my children.
我只希望能把最好的给予我的孩子们。
The story was nothing but lies.
这个故事只不过是一通谎言而已。
account for
explain the cause of sth.
解释，说明
Please account for your conduct.
请解释你的行为。
How do you account for losing such a large sum of money?
你怎样说明为什么损失了这么大一笔钱？
charge for
ask (an amount) as a price
收费，要价，索价
I'm not going there again - they charged me $1 for a cup of coffee!
我再也不去那里了，他们一杯咖啡要了我一美元！
How much does the hotel charge for a room?
这家旅馆一个房间要收多少钱？
sand in the hourglass
沙漏中的沙（沙漏上端所盛细沙用一小时从窄缝中漏到下端）
in a rush
in a hurry
匆忙的
I'm in such a rush that I can't stop.
我忙得手脚不闲，停不下来。
Everybody is always in a rush to get ready in the mornings.
每天早上，每个人的准备工作都总是很匆忙的。
under pressure
be influenced; be forced
在压力下，在强力下
She doesn't usually shout; she must be under pressure.
她通常不会大声嚷嚷 ；她一定是压力太大了。
He only agreed to leave the country under pressure.
他只是在压力下才同意出国。
go with
exist or take place at the same time; be found together
同时发生，伴随
Money does not always go with happiness.
有钱并不总是幸福。
Responsibility goes with becoming a father.
做了父亲就有了责任。
work at
put effort into （sth. or doing sth.）; engage in some activity
工作，从事于，钻研
I've been working at my essay all day.
我整天都在不停地写文章。
You will have to work at the weak points in your English if you want to pass the examination.
如果你想要通过考试，就得努力攻克你英文方面的薄弱环节。
save for
keep sth. for future use; not use up (sth.)
储存，储蓄
Save your strength for the hard work you'll have to do later.
养精蓄锐以应付今后你得去从事的繁重工作。
Can you save it for later?
你能不能把这留到以后（等我空闲的时候）告诉我？
at hand
1. being considered
正考虑的
the matter at hand,
正在审议的事
2. near in time or position
在附近，在手边，临近的
We want to make sure that help is at hand for all children in hunger.
我们想确保所有挨饿的孩子都能很快地得到帮助。
Remember to keep a note-book at hand all the time.
记住要随时带好笔记本。
in person
physically present
亲身，亲自
The winner will be there in person to collect the prize.
获胜者将亲自去那里领奖。
I had seen her before on TV, but she looked very different when I met her in person.
我以前在电视上见过她，但当我和她面对面相见时却看上去很不一样。
due to
as a result of, caused by, because of
由于，因为
His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the way.
他之所以迟到是因为路上车辆太多。
be worthy of
(should) be given (sth.)
值得的，配得上的
Their efforts are worthy of your support.
他们的努力值得你们的支持。
Two points in this report are especially worthy of notice.
这篇报告中有两点尤其值得注意。
