麻醉剂是怎么影响人的大脑和身体的 How Anesthesia Affects Your Brain And Body

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When you go to sleep, if I pinched you, you'd be up. If I shook you, you'd be up, right?

But under anesthesia I'm gonna pinch you and do a full operation and you're not up. So, it's really further on the spectrum of unconsciousness.

Ten, nine, eight, seven. . . When you wake up after being put under with general anesthesia you barely feel like any time has passed.

You could have been out for an hour or a day and you wouldn't know the difference. When you go to a natural sleep, people call your name, your alarm goes off, you wake up, right?

This is not what is gonna happen during general anesthesia. You're gonna be unconscious.

You're closer to being in a coma than being asleep. Anesthesia was first used during surgery in 1846.

The drug provided at that time was ether. Now, anesthesiologists more commonly use a combination of drugs like propofol and fentanyl which interrupt neural pathways so you don't feel pain and you don't remember the surgery.

Three things that you need for general anesthetic are you need amnesia so that they don't remember, analgesia so they have pain relief and then operating conditions for the surgeon. Some surgeries you need the patient to be very relaxed so you would use a muscle relaxant.

Other surgeries the patient just needs to be asleep and anesthetized but they don't need relaxation so how they do that varies upon the different medications that you're using. Some will depress excitatory neurons and some will enhance inhibitory neurons.

Excitatory neurons, for example, get excited and send signals to other neurons to fire. Depressing them means less signals telling your brain you're in pain.

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