For example, their insurance companies can't deny them coverage because of pre-existing conditions, like asthma or diabetes.

例如，保险公司能因为被保险人已有的病史而拒绝承保，比方说哮喘或糖尿病。

" Health insurance premiums vary depending on the level of coverage and the age of the insured."

“健康保险费根据保险范围的水平和被保险人的年龄而有所同。”

This limits " moral hazard" —that is, how much additional risky behavior and its consequent damage may occur among people who are insured.

这限制了“道德风险”——即被保险人可能发生多少额外的危险行为及其随之而来的损害。

What makes life insurance different from a bond is that neither the individual insured nor the insurance company knows when that particular individual will die.

人寿保险与债券的同之处在于，被保险人和保险公司都知道个人何时会死亡。

They enable insurance companies to customize their exclusions more easily and give companies more clarity on which risks are covered and which aren't But they appear to protect the insurers more than the insured.

它们使保险公司能够更轻松地制其免责条款，并让企业更清楚哪些风险是受保的，哪些是。但它们似乎更多地保护了保险公司而非被保险人。

In the insurance market, for instance, an insurance policy may act as an incentive for the person insured to take more risks because he or she knows that the insurer will cover the cost of any damages.

例如， 在保险市场上，保险单可能会成为被保险人承担更多风险的激励， 因为他或她知道保险公司会承担任何损失的成本。