When the ACTH binds to receptors on cells in an adrenal cortex, it triggers the release of a frenzy of different freak-out compounds known as glucocorticoid and mineralcorticoid hormones.

上腺皮质激素与上腺皮质细胞上的受体结合时，它会引不同反常化合物的疯狂释放，这些化合物被称为糖皮质激素和矿物质皮质激素。

If the ACTH level is high, the next step is to give an injection of a high dose of dexamethasone.

如果ACTH水平过高，下一步则需要注射高剂量地塞米松。

Corticosteroid therapy with prednisolone and adrenocorticotropic hormone, or ACTH, can help control seizures in some infants.

施用强的松龙、上腺皮质激素（ACTH）等的皮质类固醇疗法可以帮助控制一些婴儿的癫痫作。

If that test is positive, the next step is to determine the exact cause of endogenous cortisol production, and ACTH plasma levels can be checked.

如果测试结果为阳性，那下一步是探查内源性皮质醇失常的原因，可以检查血清上腺皮质激素水平。

The ACTH travels — again through the bloodstream — to the adrenal cortices of the adrenal glands on top of your kidneys.

上腺皮质激素再次通过血液到达脏顶部上腺的上腺皮质。

There, it triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, or ACTH.

在那里，它触上腺皮质激素或上腺皮质激素的释放。

ACTH, then, travels to the pair of adrenal glands, on top of each kidney, where it specifically targets cells in the adrenal cortex.

ACTH之后被运输到位于两个上方的上腺，在此专门针对上腺皮质细胞。

Apart from pituitary adenomas, there are ectopic sources of ACTH like small cell lung cancer, and in these cases the excess ACTH is coming from somewhere other than the pituitary.

除了垂体腺瘤，ACTH也有异位来源，比如小细胞肺癌；在这种情况下，垂体以外的部位分泌过多的ACTH。

To do that, the body uses negative feedback, which means that high levels of cortisol tell the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to decrease their secretion of CRH and ACTH, respectively.

我们的身体用负反馈做到这一点，也就是高水平的皮质醇会让下丘脑和脑下垂体分别减少分泌CRH和ACTH。

Instead, the pituitary adenoma simply grows in size and secretes too much ACTH.

相反，垂体腺瘤只会增大，并分泌过多的ACTH。

In some cases, Cushing syndrome results from a pituitary adenoma making excess ACTH, and in those situations it's called Cushing disease.

在某些病例中，库欣综合征是由垂体腺瘤制造过多上腺皮质激素导致的；在这种情况下，它被称作库欣病。

And what I've seen is like when you take excessive amount of ashwagandha and if someone's predisposed to that, people don't get the cortisol response at all from ACTH.

我现， 如果摄入过量南非醉茄， 且某人本身易受其影响，那么他们对上腺皮质激素（ACTH）根本不会产生皮质醇反应。

The most common reason for that is excess ACTH.

最常见的原因是过多的ACTH。

But it is what regulates with ACH and ACTH, the amount of cortisol you produce, as well as epinephrine.

但它正是通过ACH和ACTH来调控你产生的皮质醇量，以及上腺素。

Like there's some In a medical setting, they will test your cortisol response to ACTH.

像在医疗环境中，他们会测试你对上腺皮质激素的皮质醇反应。

Another option is also the dexamethasone suppression test, which is when a person is given a low dose of dexamethasone, which is an exogenous steroid that suppresses ACTH production in the pituitary gland.

另一种方法是地塞米松抑制试验，给被试低剂量的地塞米松，一种外源性类固醇，抑制垂体生成ACTH。

As before, the excess cortisol provides negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, suppressing CRH and ACTH production.

像之前一样，过多的皮质醇会导致下丘脑和脑下垂体的负反馈，抑制CRH和ACTH的产生。

So, ACTH is the precursor hormone from the pituitary that stimulates the adrenals to release cortisol.

因此，上腺皮质激素（ACTH）是由垂体分泌的前体激素，它能刺激上腺释放皮质醇。

Normally, the hypothalamus, which is located at the base of the brain, secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone, known as CRH, which stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, known as ACTH.

一般情况下，位于大脑下部的下丘脑分泌上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH），刺激脑下垂体分泌上腺皮质激素（ACTH）。

The ACTH specifically stimulates cells in this zone to secrete cortisol, which belongs to a class of steroids, or lipid-soluble hormones, called glucocorticoids.

ACTH主要刺激这一带的细胞释放皮质醇，属于糖皮质激素，是脂溶性激素类固醇中的一种。