1.There, it triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, or ACTH.

在那里，它触发促皮质激素或促皮质激素的释。

2.Corticosteroid therapy with prednisolone and adrenocorticotropic hormone, or ACTH, can help control seizures in some infants.

施用强的松龙、促皮质激素（ACTH）等的皮质类固醇疗法可以帮助控制一些婴儿的癫痫发作。

3.The most common reason for that is excess ACTH.

最常见的原因是过多的ACTH。

4.If the ACTH level is high, the next step is to give an injection of a high dose of dexamethasone.

如果ACTH水平过高，下一步则需要注射高剂量地塞米松。

5.Instead, the pituitary adenoma simply grows in size and secretes too much ACTH.

反，垂体瘤只会增大，并分泌过多的ACTH。

6.The excess ACTH overstimulates zona fasciculata of both adrenal glands, which grow larger and secrete excess cortisol.

过多的ACTH会过度刺激两个的束状带，使其增大并分泌过多的皮质醇。

7.The ACTH travels — again through the bloodstream — to the adrenal cortices of the adrenal glands on top of your kidneys.

促皮质激素再次通过血液到达脏顶部的皮质。

8.This causes a decrease in CRH and ACTH, which in turn, shuts down cortisol production from the zona fasciculata.

这会降低CRH和ACTH，反过来阻止束状带制造皮质醇。

9.If that test is positive, the next step is to determine the exact cause of endogenous cortisol production, and ACTH plasma levels can be checked.

如果测试结果为阳性，那下一步是探查内源性皮质醇失常的原因，可以检查血清促皮质激素水平。

10.Less CRH also tells the pituitary to make less ACTH, so the pituitary ends up having two reasons not to make ACTH.

CRH减少也会让脑下垂体减少分泌ACTH，因此到最后垂体有两个不再产生ACTH的原因。

11.As before, the excess cortisol provides negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, suppressing CRH and ACTH production.

像之前一样，过多的皮质醇会导致下丘脑和脑下垂体的负反馈，抑制CRH和ACTH的产生。

12.Unlike pituitary adenomas, ectopic sites of ACTH productions typically don't respond even to high doses of dexamethasone, and the serum cortisol remains high.

和垂体瘤不同，异位ACTH综合征一般对高剂量地塞米松没有反应，血清皮质醇还是会很高。

13.In some cases, Cushing syndrome results from a pituitary adenoma making excess ACTH, and in those situations it's called Cushing disease.

在某些病例中，库欣综合征是由垂体瘤制造过多促皮质激素导致的；在这种情况下，它被称作库欣病。

14.With less ACTH floating around, the zona fasciculata gets less stimulation to make cortisol, and eventually, cortisol levels go back down to the normal range again.

随着ACTH减少，束状带受刺激产生皮质醇减少，最后，皮质醇水平降低到正常范围内。

15.Low ACTH levels can be seen in adrenal adenomas and carcinomas, whereas high ACTH levels can be seen in Cushing disease and ectopic ACTH production.

瘤和癌会检测出低水平ACTH，库欣病和异位ACTH综合征会检测出高水平ACTH。

16.Alternatively, medications such as adrenal steroid inhibitors, like ketoconazole and metyrapone can be helpful - especially for cases of ectopic ACTH production or adrenal carcinomas that have already spread.

另一种方法，像类固醇生成抑制剂药物，比如酮康唑和甲吡酮，也会有帮助，尤其是在异位ACTH综合征或已扩散的癌中。

17.When the ACTH binds to receptors on cells in an adrenal cortex, it triggers the release of a frenzy of different freak-out compounds known as glucocorticoid and mineralcorticoid hormones.

当促皮质激素与皮质细胞的受体结合时，它会引发不同反常化合物的疯狂释，这些化合物被称为糖皮质激素和矿物质皮质激素。

18.To do that, the body uses negative feedback, which means that high levels of cortisol tell the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to decrease their secretion of CRH and ACTH, respectively.

我们的身体用负反馈做到这一点，也就是高水平的皮质醇会让下丘脑和脑下垂体分别减少分泌CRH和ACTH。

19.ACTH, then, travels to the pair of adrenal glands, on top of each kidney, where it specifically targets cells in the adrenal cortex.

ACTH之后被运输到位于两个方的，在此专门针对皮质细胞。

20.The ACTH specifically stimulates cells in this zone to secrete cortisol, which belongs to a class of steroids, or lipid-soluble hormones, called glucocorticoids.

ACTH主要刺激这一带的细胞释皮质醇，属于糖皮质激素，是脂溶性激素类固醇中的一种。