Has a medical condition like Down syndrome or spina bifida?

唐氏症或者脊柱裂而接受着治疗？

In spina bifida occulta, the spinal cord and surrounding tissue don't protrude, nor is any of the tissue forced into the spaces in between the vertebrae.

在隐性脊柱裂中，脊髓和周围组织均不突出，也没有任何组织被挤压到椎骨之。

Neoffect CEO Scott Kim leaned on his own experience with rehab as a young child born with spina bifida.

Neoffect首席执行官斯科特？金在出生时就患有脊柱裂，他依靠自己在康复方面经验研发该项目。

Neural tube defects include spina bifida, a defect of the spine, as well as some brain defects.

神经管缺陷包括脊柱裂，这种脊柱上一种缺陷，以及一些大脑缺陷。

For example, it could be a congenital defect like spina bifida, or an acquired one like a skull fracture, where there might be CSF leaking through the sinuses.

例如，它可以是先天缺陷，比如脊柱裂；或是后天获得缺陷，比如颅骨骨折，中可能有脑脊液通过鼻窦泄漏。

And spina bifida occurs when a portion of this neural tube fails to close properly, typically in the lower back.

当神经管一部分不能正常闭合时，就会发生脊柱裂，一般在腰部。

Alright, the second type of spina bifida is meningocele, sometimes called a meningeal cyst.

第二种类脊柱裂是脊膜膨出，有时也称脊膜囊肿。

In fact, occulta is latin for hidden, which is appropriate, since many of the normal prenatal tests used to diagnose spina bifida don't catch the disorder, because the deformities in the tissues of the lower back are tiny.

“occulta”在拉丁语中就是“隐藏”意思，顾名思义，许多用于诊断脊柱裂常规产前检查无法发现这种类，腰部畸形很小。

Other risk factors for having a child with spina bifida include obesity, poorly controlled diabetes, and taking medications that interfere with folate metabolism, like certain anti-seizure medications.

脊柱裂它危险素包括肥胖、糖尿病控制不佳、服用干扰叶酸代谢药物，比如某些抗癫痫药物等。

Now, the exact cause of all three types of spina bifida isn't known, but there are known risk factors like folate or Vitamin B9 deficiency during fetal development.

这三种脊柱裂确切病尚不清楚，但也有已知风险素，如胎儿发育期缺乏叶酸（维生素B9）。

In fact, Cash's story begins when his parents went in to get a routine pregnancy ultrasound and were told his spinal cord would never develop properly because he had a condition called spina bifida.

事实上，卡什故事始于他父母去做常规孕期超声波检查时，被告知他脊髓患有脊柱裂而无法正常发育。

Spina bifida is condition that occurs when the spine doesn't develop properly at birth and as a result, it doesn't entirely cover the spinalcord.

脊柱裂是一种在出生时脊柱发育不正常情况，此不能完全覆盖脊髓。

A long-running project following 285,000 Chinese women, begun in 1983, helped demonstrate that folic acid could prevent spina bifida, a rare birth defect.

1983 年开始一个长期项目跟踪了 285,000 名中国女性，帮助证明叶酸可以预防脊柱裂（一种罕见先天缺陷）。

There's still a documented disparity in rates of neural tube defects, including spina bifida between Hispanic and non-Hispanic populations in the United States.

在美国，西班牙裔与非西班牙裔人口之，包括脊柱裂在内神经管缺陷发生率仍存在记录在案差异。

I was born with spina bifida, so I've been paralyzed my whole life and it's the only life I know.

我出生时就有脊柱裂，所以我一生都是瘫痪， 这是我唯一知道生活。

Alright, the third type and final type is spina bifida occulta, and this is the most common and most mild form of spina bifida.

第三种，也是最后一种，叫做隐性脊柱裂；这是最常见同时也是最轻微脊柱裂类。

Spina bifida wasn't the only obstacle that Karin Muraszko had to face growing up, but the person she became and the accomplishment she made arethe reason why she's today's character study.

脊柱裂并不是卡琳·穆拉兹科成长过程中面临唯一障碍，但正是她成人以及她取得成就， 让她成了今天主角研究对象。

This one's the least common form of spina bifida, and because the spinal cord itself is not damaged, these individuals often do not experience the severe symptoms that are seen in myelomeningocele.

这是最少见一种类，由于脊髓本身并无损伤，患者通常不会出现脊髓脊膜膨出那样严重症状。

My grandmother got involved in the spina bifida community when my aunt was born with it in 1970.

1970年，我姑姑出生时患有脊柱裂，自那时起，我祖母便投身于脊柱裂患者群体中。

My grandmother vividly remembers when folate started being included as one of the vitamins in enriched grains and how quickly it seemed to affect the number of children born with spina bifida.

我祖母清晰地记得，当叶酸开始被纳入强化谷物维生素之一时，以及它似乎如何迅速地影响了出生时患有脊柱裂儿童数量。