There's a lot of evidence of anoxic water, water that doesn't have enough oxygen in it because it produces these black shale deposits in the Devonian, and so we have that mass extinction.

有量证据表明存在缺氧水体，即缺乏足够氧气的水，因为这在泥盆纪形成了黑色页岩沉积，因此我们经历了那次灭绝。

The long-ago seas of the Carboniferous and Devonian swarmed with tiny plankton that wrapped themselves inside tiny protective shells.

泥盆纪和石炭纪的古代海洋里生活着批微小的浮游生物。它们躲在小小的保护性壳里。

Life recovers, and then we're in the Devonian period after that.

生命恢复了，然后我们进入泥盆纪。

The clue to this ancestor, it was assumed, would be found in the Devonian era, from about 400 million years ago.

据认为，这个祖先的线索要在4年以前的泥盆纪寻找。

Oxygen levels in the Devonian and Carboniferous periods, when terrestrial life first bloomed, were as high as 35 percent (as opposed to nearer 20 percent now).

在陆地生命幅增加的泥盆纪和石炭纪，空气中的氧的达35%（现在是将近20%）。

The Ordovician (440 million years ago) and Devonian (365 million) each wiped out about 80 to 85 percent of species.

奥陶纪（44000万年以前）和泥盆纪（36500万年以前）分别消灭了80%——85%的物种。

Going back even further, we find the Late Devonian extinction about 360 million years ago.

再往前追溯， 我们发现 3. 6 年前的晚泥盆世灭绝。

I'm from Devon and sometimes I will veer towards a Devonian sound, but most of the time I will sound like someone from the southeast of England because that is where I have lived most.

我来自德文郡， 有时我会带有德文郡的口音，但多数时候我会听起来像东南部英格兰人， 因为我在那里生活的时间最长。

The oldest we know of  lived 400 million years ago in the Devonian Age and grew to around three feet long,   smaller than today's largest sand strikers but still abnormally giant for its day.

我们所知道的最古老的沙石生活在 4 年前的泥盆纪，长到三英尺长，比今天最的沙石要小，但在当时仍然异常巨。

For instance, you know when the Devonian Period ends and the Carboniferous Period begins, because that's when you start finding fossils that belong to a species of conodont known as Siphonodella sulcata.

例如， 你知道泥盆纪结束石炭纪开始，因为那时开始发现属于一种名为Siphonodella sulcata的牙形石物种的化石。

While fish with jaws first appeared in the Silurian, they proliferated in the Devonian.

虽然有颚的鱼最早出现在 志留纪，但它们在泥盆纪量繁殖。

But these creatures lived in a very different world from the Devonian.

但这些生物生活在 与泥盆纪截然不同的世界中。

The venerable family of Roach has been crawling around since at least the devonian.

至少从泥盆纪开始，可敬的 Roach 家族就一直在四处爬行。

It gives one a feeling of confidence to see nature still busy with experiments, still dynamic, and not through or satisfied because a Devonian fish managed to end as a two-legged character with a straw hat.

目睹自然界仍在进行实验、充满活力，而非停滞或满足于一条泥盆纪的鱼最终演化为头戴草帽的两足生物， 这让人倍感自信。

Some sense of the strength of feeling can be gained by glancing through the chapter titles of Martin J. S. Rudwick's excellent and sombre account of the issue, The Great Devonian Controversy.

通过浏览马丁·J·S·鲁德威克 (Martin J. S. Rudwick) 关于这个问题的出色而阴郁的叙述《泥盆纪争论》 (The Great Devonian Controversy) 的章节标题, 可以获得一些感觉。

But by the end of the Devonian, 60  million years later, giant trees, like Archaeopteris, had spread around  the world - and changed it, forever.

但到了 6000 万年后的泥盆纪末期，像始祖蕨这样的巨树已经遍布世界各地， 并永远地改变了世界。

Devonian is, of course, from the English county of Devon, Cambrian comes from the Roman name for Wales, while Ordovician and Silurian recall ancient Welsh tribes, the Ordovices and Silurs.

当然, 泥盆纪来自英国德文郡, 寒武纪来自威尔士的罗马名称, 而奥陶纪和志留纪则让人想起古老的威尔士部落, 奥陶纪和志留纪。

Fish began their transition onto land 400 million years ago, during in the Devonian period.

鱼类在4年前的泥盆纪开始了向陆地的过渡。

But in the Devonian, a new branch of the cephalopod family tree appeared: ammonites.

但在泥盆纪，出现了头足类 家族树的一个新分支：菊石。

Well, during the Devonian, things were … complicated.

好吧，在泥盆纪期间，事情… … 很复杂。