The cascade starts off with just a trickle, as TRH goes just a few millimeters to the anterior pituitary, where it hits receptors on cells there, causing it to release thyroid-stimulating hormone, or TSH, into the bloodstream.

种级联从涓涓细流开始，TRH 只到达垂体前叶几毫米，在那里它击中那里细胞的受体，导致它向血液中释放促甲状腺激素或 TSH。

If it's due to a primary cause, TSH will be low, an unbound thyroid hormones will be high.

如果是原发性甲亢，TSH水平将会很低，未结合的甲状腺激素水平会变高。

In some cases it's because of a mutated TSH receptor that inappropriately keeps these follicular cells active.

有是因为TSH受体因突变，不适滤泡细胞保持活跃状态。

The anterior pituitary then releases thyroid stimulating hormone also called thyrotropin or simply TSH.

接着，垂体前叶分泌促甲状腺激素，简称TSH。

TSH stimulates the thyroid gland, which is a gland located in the neck that looks like two thumbs hooked together in the shape of a V.

TSH刺激甲状腺，就是位于颈部中央的腺体，形如两个拇指勾在一起的“V”字形。

These Auto antibodies include thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins which bind to the TSH receptor on the follicular cells and imitate TSH.

些自身抗体包括甲状腺刺激性免疫球蛋白，它会与滤泡细胞上的TSH受体结合并模仿TSH。

If blood levels of TSH are normal or high, this points to a pituitary tumor which can be confirmed with an injection a thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

如果血液中TSH的水平正常或升高，则考虑垂体肿瘤，可以通过注射促甲状腺激素释放激素来确定。

Diagnosing hyperthyroidism is done by measuring blood levels of TSH, T3 , and T4 .

甲亢的诊断是通过测量血液中的TSH、T3和T4水平来实现的。

And I always, that's for sure in my initial panel, I'm putting you, you know, I'm checking your TSH free T4.

我总是，一点在我最初的检查中是肯定的，我会你，你知道的，我会检查你的TSH游离T4。

] Foreman: I ran a TSH, T3 and T4.

福尔曼: 我测了TSH、T3和T4。

But given the fact that my T3 is so high and my TSH is like 0.6.

但考虑到我的T3水平很高，而我的TSH只有0.6。

Yeah, I mean, I think it's, I mean, I've spoken about the fact that TSH should be, I mean, I've got my own ideal reference range.

是的，我的意思是， 我认为TSH（促甲状腺激素）应该，嗯，我已经有自己的理想参考范围了。

Usually I just run like a TSH, free T4.

通常我只是检查一下促甲状腺激素和游离T4。

They're just testing TSH and you know TSH might be sitting at like four or something and a lot of the times a doctor will say you're completely fine.

他们只是检测甲状腺刺激激素，你知道甲状腺刺激激素可能只有四左右，很多情况下医生会说你完全正常。