The discovery of artemisinin has helped significantly reduce the mortality rates of malaria patients.

青蒿现极大地降低了疟疾患者死亡率。

Tu's research led to the manmade drug artemisinin, a drug now widely used to treat malaria.

屠呦呦研究引了人造药物青蒿，这种药物现已广泛用于治疗疟疾。

Now, artemisinin can be toxic to human cells, too, for the same reason.

不过，青蒿也会对人体细胞产生毒性，也是出于同样原因。

And when artemisinin encounters hemozoin, the two compounds react to create unstable atoms known as free radicals.

当青蒿遇到疟原虫色时，这两种化合物会生反应，产生被称为自由基不稳定原子。

But luckily, artemisinin reacts more readily with hemozoin, than it does with the iron in our cells.

但幸运是，青蒿与疟原虫色反应比与我们细胞中铁反应更容易。

As it turned out, the key to this life-saving cure was an active compound from the wormwood plant called artemisinin.

事实证明，这种救命疗法关键是一种来自艾草植物活性化合物，叫做青蒿。

Tu Youyou is a Chinese scientist who managed to extract artemisinin from a Chinese herb.

屠呦呦是一位中国科学家， 他成功地从中草药中提取了青蒿。

She was, of course, recognized for her discovery of artemisinin, the powerful medicine used to treat malaria.

当然，她因现用于治疗疟疾强效药物青蒿而受到。

New malaria drugs will be needed. The World Health Organization warns the parasites are building a resistance to the main anti-malarial compound artemisinin.

目前需要新疟疾药物，世卫组织警告说，这些寄生虫在对主要抗疟疾化合物青蒿产生抗性。

Plus, the chemistry of artemisinin is finicky, so only plant cells are really good at making it.

此外，青蒿化学性质很敏感，所以只有植物细胞才能很好地制造它。

To be clear, these aren’t the first scientists to try and make artemisinin in different plants.

需要明确是，这些并不是第一批尝试在不同植物中制造青蒿科学家。

Today, artemisinin is still distilled from the dried leaves or flower clusters of the sweet wormwood plant and used to treat malaria.

今天，青蒿仍然是从苦艾植物干叶子或花簇中蒸馏出来，用于治疗疟疾。

Laboratory experiments have shown that the parasite which is resistant to the most effective anti-malaria drug artemisinin is able to infect different mosquito species.

实验证明，这种对青蒿有抗药性疟原虫也能够感染其他品种蚊子。

One of the most effective treatments today is a drug called artemisinin, which quickly binds to important proteins in the parasite, and kills it.

目前最有效治疗药物之一是青蒿，它能迅速与寄生虫中重要蛋白质结合， 并将其杀死。

In fact, two decades after Tu's discovery, the World Health Organization recommended that artemisinin be used in combination with other drugs as the first line of defense against malaria.

事实上，在屠呦呦现 20 后，世卫组织建议青蒿与其他药物联合使用，作为对抗疟疾第一道防线。

This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Yo-Yo, co-winner, whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.

201510月6日， 今诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦，她是共同获奖者之一， 她研究促成了青蒿现，这是治疗疟疾一种关键新疗法。 青蒿已挽救了数十万人生命， 并为数百万人带来了健康改善。

Now, this week in a study in the journal Molecular Plant, Indian and American researchers have made the drug much easier to get, by genetically engineering tobacco plants to make artemisinin.

现在， 在本周《分子植物》期刊一项研究中，印度和美国研究人员通过基因工程改造烟草植物来生产青蒿， 使得这种药物更容易获得。

To achieve the goal of global eradication, we need to build on Professor Tu’s discovery of artemisinin and develop more powerful tools – like a single-dose cure and better ways to block transmission of malaria from mosquitos to humans.

为实现全球根除疟疾目标， 我们需要以屠教授现青蒿为基础， 开更强大工具—— 例如单剂量疗法和更好方法来阻止疟疾从蚊子传播给人类。