In fact, the mesangium is continuous with the smooth muscles of the afferent and efferent arterioles, and fills in the space between the loops of blood vessels, hence the name.

事实上，系膜是由球、出球小动脉平滑肌胞延续而来，填满了血管袢空隙，因此得名Mes-angium。

Well in response to low oxygen levels, or hypoxia, the pulmonary arterioles constrict, which raises the pulmonary blood pressure.

为应对低氧水平或缺氧，肺小动脉会收缩，这就容易引起肺高血压。

So that blood goes from the pulmonary artery into a pulmonary arteriole, which is a little bit smaller and, finally, into a capillary which is the smallest.

血液从肺动脉进较小肺小动脉，最后进血管。

In arterioles, a process called hyaline arteriolosclerosis is where the walls of arterioles where they develop hyaline deposits, which are the deposits of proteins, and these make them hard and inflexible.

小动脉会出现透样小动脉硬化，即小动脉血管壁上产生了透质酸沉积，即蛋白质沉积物，而这些物质让小动脉僵化变硬。

If your blood pressure happens to increase, for example, the higher pressure causes the arterioles leading to your glomeruli to stretch.

例如，如血压碰巧上升，更高压力会导致导致肾小球小动脉伸展。

A small alley is as small to the city as an arteriole 0.1 millimeters wide is to you.

一条小巷之于一座城市来说，就像一条0.1毫米宽动脉对来说一样渺小。

Just like in the lungs, the aorta branches into arterioles which are smaller arteries and, finally, into capillaries which are the smallest.

就像在肺部一样，主动脉分叉为小动脉，最后变为血管。

Sexual arousal triggers the parasympathetic reflex that causes arterioles in the external genitalia to dilate and fill with blood, which is actually one of the only times the parasympathetic system controls any arteriole action.

性唤起触发副交感神经反射，导致外生殖器中小动脉扩张并充满血液，这实际上是副交感神经系统控制任何小动脉动作唯一时间之一。

This process of glycation particularly affects the efferent arteriole and causes it to get stiff and more narrow - a process called hyaline arteriosclerosis.

这种糖基化过程尤其影响出球小动脉，使其硬化、变窄——该过程叫玻璃样动脉硬化。

The cortical radiate arteries continue to divide eventually forming afferent arterioles that split into a tiny bundle of capillaries called the glomerulus.

小叶间动脉继续分支，最后形成球小动脉；后者再分成若干小支形成一团微小血管球，即肾小球。

And if the weak spot ruptures in a smaller arteriole blood vessel — say, one that leads to an organ like a kidney or eye, it can lead to organ damage or failure.

如一个较小小动脉血管中薄弱环节破裂——比如说，一个通向肾脏或眼睛等器官血管，它可能导致器官损伤或衰竭。

Blood gets into the kidney through the renal artery, into tiny clumps of arterioles called glomeruli where it's initially filtered, with the filtrate, the stuff filtered out, moving into the renal tubule.

血液通过肾动脉流肾脏，一旦肾，便进一小团小动脉，即肾小球，开始过滤；滤液过滤出来，进肾小管。

On the other end of the capillary bed there's a venule, and the arteriole and venule are usually directly connected by a vessel called the metarteriole.

在血管床另一端，有小静脉；小动脉和小静脉通常是由一种叫后微动脉血管直接连接。

So with vasodilation of the arterioles, more heat gets lost which, therefore, helps to lower body temperature.

因此，随着动脉血管舒张，更多热量会流失，有助于降低体温。

The arteries branch out into narrower and narrower arteries, and then arterioles, and finally gets to the capillaries - which have walls that are only one cell thick and are slightly porous.

这些动脉分支出越来越狭窄动脉，然后是小动脉，最终到达血管——它们只有一个胞厚管壁，并且有一些孔隙。

These arteries eventually branch into the arterioles, the smallest of the arteries.

这些动脉最终会分支为小动脉，即最小动脉。

Nitric oxide producer to dilate arterioles so that you feed more liquid to capillaries.

一氧化氮生成器，用于扩张小动脉，从而向血管输送更多液体。

Instead the glomerulus funnels blood into efferent arterioles which divide into capillaries a second time.

而是由肾小球将血液输送进出球小动脉，后者分支复成血管网。

A small alley is as small to the city  as an arteriole 0.1 millimeters wide is to you.

一条小巷之于城市，就像一条0.1毫米宽动脉之于。

The smallest subdivisions of arteries, the arterioles, have thinner walls in which there are very little connective tissues but relatively more muscle.

动脉小分支（小动脉）携血液至最小血管（血管）。