Here is the Standard of Ur where mosaic inlaid in bitumen showed the scenes that mattered most.

这是乌尔军旗青上镶嵌的马赛克图案展现了当时最为重的场景。

And as it turned out, the sheer scale of the bitumen crude oil found in the Adabasca oil stands was vastly larger than anybody had previously believed.

事实证明，在阿萨巴斯卡油藏中发现的青原油的规模远远超出了人们之前的想象。

That is more than three times as much as the 120m tonnes of bitumen produced annually, most of which goes into building the world's roads.

这是每年生产的1.2亿青的三倍还多，大部分青都被用于建造世界范围内的路。

By adding rubber " crumbs" , reclaimed from shredded tyres, to the bitumen and crushed stone used to make asphalt, engineers are designing quieter streets.

在青和碎石里添加从轮胎碎片中回收的废胶末，再铺成柏油路，这样工师可以设计出更加安静的街道。

3 They said to one another, " Come, let us mold bricks and harden them with fire." They used bricks for stone, and bitumen for mortar.

3 他们此说：「来，我们做砖，用火烧透。」他们遂拿砖当石，拿青代灰泥。

“Many people do not like the smell of overheated bitumen, which spreads during the repair process, so they decided to try it.”

许多人不喜欢修路过中散发出的热乎乎的柏油味道，于是他们决定尝试一下。”

The process of heating and separating bitumen from the sand requires millions of cubic meters of water.

加热沙子和从中分离青的过数百万立方米的水。

Together, the Alberta oil sand reservoirs contained an estimated 1.7 trillion barrels of bitumen in place, which, to put in perspective, is roughly comparable to the rest of the entire world's proven reserves of conventional petroleum all combined.

据估计，亚伯达省油砂储藏共蕴含 1.7 万亿桶青原油，从这个角度来看，这大致相当于世界上其他地区已探明的常规石油储量的总和。

It is made from a blend of crushed rock, rubber and polyurethane, a synthetic plastic that replaces bitumen as the binding agent and allows even bigger pores in the road surface.

它由碎石、橡胶和聚氨酯制成，人造塑胶聚氨酯可以代替青，因为这种粘合剂可以允许更大的气孔存在于路面。

10 Now the Valley of Siddim was full of bitumen pits; and as the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, they fell into these, while the rest fled to the mountains.

10 息丁山谷遍地是青坑；索多玛王和哈摩辣王逃跑时都跌在坑里；其余的人都逃到山里去了。

There is a connection. Just as plastic is derived from petrochemicals, bitumen is produced as a by-product of refining oil.

其中有一个联系。塑料源自石油化工产品，而生产出的青是精炼油脂的副产品。

But using such plastic as a replacement for bitumen is cost-effective, claims Mr McCartney.

但是使用这种塑料作为青的替代品是很合算的，麦卡特尼说。

The rubberised bitumen itself is flexible and slightly springy, which enables it to absorb more unwanted sonic energy.

而参入了橡胶的青本身也具有柔韧性和轻微的弹性，这可以使它吸收更多讨厌的音波能量。

As an example, he says that a tonne of bitumen might cost around 400 pounds ($521) in Britain.

例如，他说一青在英国的成本约为400英镑（521美元）。

The additive would replace a proportion of the bitumen, so there are savings to be made.

添加剂可替代部分青，因此可以有所节省。

At present 5-10% of the bitumen is replaced by the additives, but this could be increased to 25%.

目前，5-10%的青被添加剂替代，但这个比例可增加至25%。

An alternative method of using recycled plastic is to mix the material into hot bitumen when making asphalt.

使用回收塑料的另一种替代方法是在制作柏油时，将材料混合进热青中。

The solid carbon, meanwhile, is now replacing bitumen distilled from crude oil in asphalt for paying customers, which Tony Pan, its co-founder, calls a high-value application.

固体碳现在正取代从原油中提炼的青用以供应给付费客户，其联合创始人潘尼称这是一种高价值应用。

However, the resurfaced sector one, very, very grippy, lots of bitumen in the gaps between the open stones in contrast to the second and third sector.

然而， 重新铺设的第一赛段非常、非常抓地，有很多柏油填充在开口石之间的缝隙中， 这与第二和第三赛段形成了对比。

Uberbinder is a revolutionary organic polymer  binder that's purpose engineered to replace the carbon and energy-intensive cement and  bitumen binders in concrete and asphalt.

Uberbinder 是一种革命性的有机聚合物粘合剂，旨在取代混凝土和青中的碳和能源密集型水泥和青粘合剂。