Columbia University researchers using this machine found the vapor has toxic metals like chromium, nickel, zinc and lead and as we know, there's no safe level of lead.

哥伦比亚大学研究者使用这种机器发现了气雾中含有有毒金属，例如、、锌、铅，而我们知道，只要含铅就是危险。

One thing which is strange is the total chromium contained in the paddy plants.

奇怪是，水稻植物中总含量。

These metals included zinc, chromium, nickel and cadmium.

这些金属包括锌、、镉。

Some sneaker tops are made from natural sources like leather, but tanning this material relies on chromium; a carcinogenic chemical that can damage freshwater ecosystems.

有一些运动鞋鞋面是由皮革等自然资源，但是需要依靠为材料进一步上色，而是一种能够破坏淡水生态系统致癌化学物质。

If the chromium content is low, or if the material is exposed to chlorine or saltwater, the alloy can weaken.

如果含量较低，或者材料暴露在氯或盐水中，合金可能会变弱。

The chromium oxide acts as a protective force field of sorts, blocking oxygen from reaching the iron.

氧化物在某种程度上充当了保护力场，阻止氧气接触铁。

One alloy made partially of chromium appeared resistant to all kinds of corrosion, and he quickly saw how it could be used outside of firearms.

一种部分由合金似乎能抵抗各种腐蚀，他很快明白这种合金可以用于枪支之外领域。

What Brearley and others observed was that chromium essentially intercepts oxygen.

布里尔利其他人观察到，本质上拦截了氧气。

The key variable of stainless steel is chromium, which usually makes up 10.5 percent or more of the alloy.

不锈钢关键变量是，通常占合金 10.5%或更多。

Instead of oxidizing the iron, the oxygen interacts with the chromium to create chromium oxide on the surface.

氧气并不是氧化铁，而是与反应，在表面形氧化物。

The e-liquid or the aerosol can also contain metallic particles like chromium, cadmium and lead.

。 电子烟液或气溶胶中也可能含有金属颗粒， 如、镉铅。

LIBS detected aluminum, calcium, chromium, iron, manganese, oxygen, titanium, and silicon.

LIBS（激光诱导击穿光谱仪）检测到了铝、钙、、铁、锰、氧、钛硅等元素。

Most are from heavy metals like lead, nickel or chromium dissolved in distilled water.

大多数来自溶解在蒸馏水中重金属，如铅、或。

You need stomach acid to absorb selenium, chromium, iodine, magnesium, iron.

你需要胃酸来吸收硒、、碘、镁铁。

Other industrial metals include copper, titanium, magnesium, nickel, zinc, chromium, and lead.

其他工业金属包括铜、钛、镁、、锌、铅。

But if you look here when we get to chromium, it kind of dips.

但是如果你看一下，你会发现它有点下降了。

That changed in 2021 when Dimos Poulikakos and his then-doctoral-student Iwan Haechler, at ETH Zurich, crafted a piece of glass with a layer of silver at the bottom and a layer of silicon polymer, sandwiched between layers of chromium, at the top.

情况在 2021 年发生了改变，当时苏黎世联邦理工学院 Dimos Poulikakos 他当时博士生 Iwan Haechler 作了一块玻璃，底部有一层银，顶部有一层硅聚合物，中间夹着两层。

It was there all right, the chromium and glossy paint shining a little even in the dark, and the red reflector glass of the tail-lights shining back at the pencil flash. It was there, silent, lightless, all the doors shut.

一切都很好，即使在黑暗中，光泽油漆也闪闪发光，尾灯红色反光玻璃在铅笔闪光时反光。它就在那里，寂静无光，所有门都关上了。

Well that doesn't hold up for all of them because you even have special cases like copper and chromium that only go four S one and then start filling three D depending on the circumstances.

好吧，这并不适用于所有情况， 因为甚至有特殊情况像铜， 它们只有在某些情况下才会从4S1开始填充3D轨道。

What differentiates sapphire from ruby is that instead of chromium, a sapphire will have titanium and trace amounts of other elements such as iron, cobalt, lead, vanadium, magnesium, boron, and silicon.

蓝宝石与红宝石区别在于，蓝宝石含有钛元素，而非元素，并伴有微量其他元素，如铁、钴、铅、钒、镁、硼及硅。