When energy is needed - all three monosaccharides are metabolized through glycolysis, then the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

当机体需能量时，三种单糖就通过糖酵解、三羧循环、氧化磷化进行能量代谢。

Citric acid doesn't do that, but makes a very clean sour that's more fruity.

柠檬不这样，生一种非常干净的，更有水味。

They put ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, sodium citrate, citric acid, and potassium sorbate on me.

他们给我注射了抗坏血、抗坏血钠、柠檬钠、柠檬和山梨钾。

The spices are mixed with lovage seeds and citric acid for a hint of sourness.

加入了复活草籽和柠檬可以增添一点味。

This stuff contains mainly citric acid and an enzyme cocktail that help keeps semen liquified -- and thus easier to move and swim through.

这些分泌物主含有柠檬和一种混合酶，有助于保持精液液化，从而更容易移动和游泳。

But they CAN move into an ionic solution, an ionic solution like a dilution of citric acid, and that is our electrolyte.

是它们可以在离子溶液里面流动，离子溶液，比如说稀释的柠檬，就是我们的电解液。

Citric acid is a clean sour, but malic acid makes you salivate, this is why lemon lime drinks are often seen as being more refreshing, because your mouth almost instantly becomes wet.

柠檬是一种干净的味，是苹让你流口水，这就是为什么柠檬橙饮料经常被认为更提神，因为你的嘴几乎立刻变湿了。

Blueberries have citric acid in it, so we're adding a dry form of citric acid to this because without it, the blueberry would taste sort of blueberry, but part of the flavor profile would be missing.

蓝莓含有柠檬，所以我们在其中加入了一种干柠檬，因为没有它，蓝莓尝起来有点像蓝莓，是部分味道丢失。

It tastes sour because it has a lot of citric acid.

它尝起来很因为它含有大量的柠檬。

There is also vinegar or citric acid.

还有醋或柠檬。

And so you don't have to remember the names of these, but this is succinate dehydrogenase and it's a cool enzyme that's used both in the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain.

因此，你不必记住这些名称，这是琥珀脱氢酶， 它是一种很酷的酶， 既用于柠檬循环， 也用于电子传递链。

Next up is citric acid, which is responsible for that bitter taste in oranges, lemons, limes, and lots of other citrus fruits.

接下来是柠檬，它负责橙子、柠檬、橙以及其他许多柑橘类水中的苦味。

It wouldn't swim towards them, but crucially, it could still swim towards other things roots release, like citric acid.

它不游向它们，关键的是，它仍然可以游向根系释放的其他物质，比如柠檬。

I don't know what citric acid is.

我不知道什么是柠檬。

And so in every step of photosynthesis, in every step of cellular respiration, glycolysis, citric acid cycle, all of those chemical reactions remember have to have an enzyme that's associated with them that can speed up that reaction.

因此，在光合作用的每一步、细胞呼吸的每一步、糖酵解、柠檬循环中，所有这些化学反应都需有一种与之相关的酶，能够加速该反应。

So when that's mixed with the citric acid, it kind of creates that same sort of tangy flavor profile, which is awesome.

所以当它与柠檬混合时，它生同样的浓郁味道，这太棒了。

In the 1920s and 1930s, biochemists—led by Hans Krebs and Carl and Gerty Cori—began to work out many of the central metabolic pathways of life: the citric acid cycle, glycogenesis and glycolysis, and the synthesis of steroids and porphyrins.

在二十世纪二三十年代，由汉斯·克雷布斯（Hans Krebs）和卡尔（Carl Krert）和格蒂·科里（Gerty Cori）领导的生物化学家开始研究许多生命的中心代谢途径：柠檬循环，糖原合成和糖酵解，以及类固醇和卟啉的合成。