In the case of the Spanish flu, the cells of infected younger patients released a deleterious excess of cytokines, leading to excessive inflammation of the lungs, and more importantly, tissue necrosis.

以西班牙流感为例，受感染年轻患者细胞释放了过量有害细胞因子，导致肺部炎症过重，更重要是组织坏死。

And most likely it's happening because you are having all of these cytokines and inflammatory markers increasing disproportionately at the end of pregnancy, causing your body to react, almost like it's an autoimmune response.

这很可能是由于体内细胞因子和炎症标志物在怀孕后期不成比例地增加，导致身体产生类似自身疫反应反应。

As " type A" cells in the synovium attempt to remove the debris, immune cells like lymphocytes and macrophages are recruited into the synovial membrane, which produces proinflammatory cytokines that ultimately cause inflammation of the synovium as well, called synovitis.

滑膜上A型细胞除这些碎片同时，疫细胞（如淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞）也被募集进入滑膜，产生炎症因子，最终导致滑膜炎。

What can happen with asthma is allergens from environmental triggers, like cigarette smoke, are picked up by dendritic cells which present them to a Th2 cell which produce cytokines like IL-4 and IL-5 leading to a number of features of asthma.

哮喘是由环引发过敏原引起，比如香烟烟雾，是由树突细胞提呈到Th2细胞中，产生细胞因子IL-4和IL-5，从而导致哮喘许多特征。

When the abnormal IgA1-IgG immune complexes deposit in the mesangium, the alternative complement pathway is activated, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines and migration of macrophages into the kidney, all of which contributes to glomerular injury.

当异IgA1-IgG疫复合物沉积在系膜上时，补体旁路途径被激活，导致促炎因子释放，同时促进巨噬细胞向肾迁移，以上所有反应会导致肾小球损伤。

At that point T helper cells, or Th1 cells swoop in and release cytokines —which are cell signaling molecules— like interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, which further stimulate the inflammatory response.

在这时，辅助T细胞（Th1细胞）突然加入到炎症反应中并释放细胞因子；这些细胞因子是细胞间信号分子，包括γ干扰素和肿瘤坏死因子α等；这些细胞因子可以进一步促发炎症反应。

Chronic treatment for multiple sclerosis includes immunosuppressants like recombinant beta-IFN which decreases the level of inflammatory cytokines in the brain and increases the function of T regulatory cells.

疾病调节治疗可用疫抑制剂（重组β-干扰素），可降低大脑中炎性因子水平和增加调节性T淋巴细胞功能。

At the same time, the macrophages produce molecules called cytokines and chemokines that alert the rest of the immune system to the presence of the invader.

与此同时，巨噬细胞产生称为细胞因子和趋化因子分子，提醒疫系统其他部分注意入侵者存在。

Since they are previously exposed, the immune system's memory t-cells quickly release cytokines to try and control the new outbreak which forms more areas of caseous necrosis.

因为宿主之前曾经接触过分枝杆菌，疫系统中记忆T细胞快速释放细胞因子来试图控制住新一轮疾病暴发，而这个过程会导致更多肺部组织形成干酪样坏死。

In response to hypoxia, myocardial cells release signalling molecules called cytokines, which cause dilation of the segment of coronary artery B beyond the blockage.

为了应对缺氧，心肌细胞会释放细胞因子这类信号分子，使冠脉B阻塞处远端血管扩张。

In chronic disease states, chemical messengers called cytokines mediate this pathologic process in the kidney, immune system, and the GI tract.

在慢性疾病中，称为细胞因子化学信使在肾脏、疫系统和胃肠道中介导了这一病理过程。

In response, the injured cells release inflammatory molecules called cytokines that activate the immune system to repair the injury.

对此反应，损伤细胞释放出 称为“细胞因子”发炎分子用来激活疫系统和修复损伤。

Along with an increase in proteins called cytokines—which the researchers say might suggest a boost in immune activity.

同时一种名为细胞因子蛋白质含量升高，对此研究人员表示这可能表明疫活性提升。

Known for its antibacterial activity, it increases the release of inflammatory cytokines, which signal cells to repair themselves.

众所周知，它具有抗菌活性，能增加炎症细胞因子释放，而炎症细胞因子是细胞自我修复信号。

When you're asleep, your body releases infection-fighting substances, like antibodies and cytokines, which combat bacteria and viruses.

当你睡觉时，你身体会释放抗感染物质，如抗体和细胞因子，它们可以对抗细菌和病毒。

A younger organism would naturally release more cytokines than and elderly one.

年轻有机体自然会比年老有机体释放更多细胞因子。

The release of cytokines causes symptoms like fever, drenching night sweats, and weight loss.

细胞因子释放会导致发烧、夜间盗汗和体重减轻等症状。

The cytokines attract Inflammatory cells like macrophages which start releasing even more inflammatory substances like proteases, platelet activating factor, and free radicals, all which contribute to inflammation.

这些细胞因子可以募集更多炎症细胞如巨噬细胞；这些巨噬细胞进而释放更多炎症介质，如蛋白酶、血小板活化因子和自由基，它们都可以进一步促进炎症反应。

Newer therapies called biologics can also be useful, because they block the actions of cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha and the interleukins.

生物制剂治疗这种新疗法同样有效，能阻断TNF-α和IL-1等细胞因子作用。

Soon enough, the handful of white blood cells surveilling the CSF identify the pathogen and release cytokines to recruit additional immune cells.

之后很快，一些负责监视脑脊液白细胞识别出病原体，并释放细胞因子召集额外疫细胞。