When a sperm fuses with an egg, they make a diploid cell, which has all the genetic instructions required to make a baby.

当精子与卵子融，们会产生二倍体细胞，具有制造婴儿所需的所有遗传指令。

When the membranes of the two pronuclei rupture, chromosomes go flying, and boom, you officially have a diploid zygote, which almost immediately starts mitosis.

当两个原核的细胞膜破裂，染色体飞舞，嘣，你正式有了一个二倍体子，几乎立即开始有分裂。

The reason that finding might matter to us, is that recent studies in mice and zebra fish have shown that hearts with more diploid cells—like a zebra fish's—are able to regenerate and heal themselves.

这一发现可能对们很重要的原因是，最近对小鼠和斑马鱼的研究表明， 具有更多二倍体细胞的心脏（如斑马鱼的心脏）能够再生和自。

And so a diploid cell is going to be a typical human cell, or a typical cell inside an organism.

二倍体细胞就是典型的一个人体细胞，或者是一个生物体内典型的细胞。

That diploid cell can enter into the cell cycle again, make more cells and more cells and more cells.

那个二倍体细胞可以再次进入细胞周期，制造更多的细胞， 源源不断地产生新的细胞。

Now what eventually happens, eventually this organism can't interbreed with the normally diploid organism.

最终，这种生物将无法与正常的二倍体生物进行交配繁殖。

They'll divide in half, so this would be our mitosis phase and now we have two diploid cells.

们会分成两半，所以这就是们的有分裂阶段， 现在们有了两个二倍体细胞。

And so the cell cycle will take a diploid cell make two diploid cells in mitosis or make four haploid cells in meiosis.

细胞周期会将一个二倍体细胞通过有分裂产生两个二倍体细胞，或者通过减数分裂产生四个单倍体细胞。

How do we go from a diploid cell eventually to a haploid cell?

们是如何从二倍体细胞最终变成单倍体细胞的？

And so the goal of the cell cycle in mitosis is to make a copy of that cell in other words to make a diploid cell.

因此，细胞周期中有分裂的目标就是制该细胞，换句话说，就是产生一个二倍体细胞。

So we're going from a diploid organism to a tetraploid organism.

因此，们正从二倍体生物转变为四倍体生物。

And so now we're back to a diploid cell and that diploid cell can enter into the cell cycle.

现在们回到了二倍体细胞，这个二倍体细胞可以进入细胞周期。

In meiosis we're going to take a normal diploid cell and we're actually going to make a haploid cell, we're going to make sperm and egg.

在减数分裂过程中， 们会从一个正常的二倍体细胞开始， 最终制造出单倍体细胞，即精子和卵子。

I also in this video want to talk about how we control the creation of diploid cells.

在这个视频中还想谈谈们是如何控制二倍体细胞的产生的。