When a sperm fuses with an egg, they make a diploid cell, which has all the genetic instructions required to make a baby.

当精子与卵子融合时，它们会产生二倍体，它具有制造婴儿所需的所有遗传指令。

When the membranes of the two pronuclei rupture, chromosomes go flying, and boom, you officially have a diploid zygote, which almost immediately starts mitosis.

当两个原核的破裂时，染色体飞舞，嘣，你正式有了一个二倍体合子，它几乎立即开始有分裂。

The reason that finding might matter to us, is that recent studies in mice and zebra fish have shown that hearts with more diploid cells—like a zebra fish's—are able to regenerate and heal themselves.

这一发现可能对我们很重要的原因，对小鼠和斑马鱼的研究表明， 具有更多二倍体的心脏（如斑马鱼的心脏）能够再生和自我修复。

And so a diploid cell is going to be a typical human cell, or a typical cell inside an organism.

二倍体就典型的一个人体，或者一个生物体内典型的。

That diploid cell can enter into the cell cycle again, make more cells and more cells and more cells.

那个二倍体可以再次进入周期，制造更多的， 源源不断地产生新的。

Now what eventually happens, eventually this organism can't interbreed with the normally diploid organism.

终，这种生物将无法与正常的二倍体生物进行交配繁殖。

They'll divide in half, so this would be our mitosis phase and now we have two diploid cells.

它们会分成两半，所以这就我们的有分裂阶段， 现在我们有了两个二倍体。

And so the cell cycle will take a diploid cell make two diploid cells in mitosis or make four haploid cells in meiosis.

周期会将一个二倍体通过有分裂产生两个二倍体，或者通过减数分裂产生四个单倍体。

How do we go from a diploid cell eventually to a haploid cell?

我们如何从二倍体终变成单倍体的？

And so the goal of the cell cycle in mitosis is to make a copy of that cell in other words to make a diploid cell.

因此，周期中有分裂的目标就复制该，换句话说，就产生一个二倍体。

So we're going from a diploid organism to a tetraploid organism.

因此，我们正从二倍体生物转变为四倍体生物。

And so now we're back to a diploid cell and that diploid cell can enter into the cell cycle.

现在我们回到了二倍体，这个二倍体可以进入周期。

In meiosis we're going to take a normal diploid cell and we're actually going to make a haploid cell, we're going to make sperm and egg.

在减数分裂过程中， 我们会从一个正常的二倍体开始， 终制造出单倍体，即精子和卵子。

I also in this video want to talk about how we control the creation of diploid cells.

我在这个视频中还想谈谈我们如何控制二倍体的产生的。