Technologies like directional drilling, where no longer we can just drill straight down, but instead we can actually turn and steer drill bits to reach very precise and specific locations in the subsurface, miles underground.
A really deep hole takes gumption, and also special equipment, over 50 kilometers of pipes, countless drill bits, a bunch of mud, 200 tons of string, and so much money.
They're used to make certain tools like drill bits for working on rock or something hard like that, where you need tools made out of a harder material than rock.