For example, Labrador retrievers and German shepherds are likely to develop hip dysplasia.

，拉布拉多寻回犬和德国牧羊犬有可能出现髋关节发育不良。

In case of dysplasia there's options like surgery, endoscopic resection, or laser treatments.

在异型增生的情况下，可以选择手术、内镜下切除或激光治疗。

This dysplasia increases the chance that these cells might eventually develop into laryngeal cancer.

异型增生增加了最终进展为喉癌的可能。

However, if the cells look abnormal, that's called dysplasia, and there's a higher risk of developing adenocarcinoma.

然而，果这些细胞看起来异常，那就叫做异型增生，并且发生腺癌的风险更高。

Fibromuscular dysplasia, which affects young women, can cause the walls of the large- and medium-sized arteries to thicken.

像是肌纤维发育不良，多见于年轻女性，可能会导致大、中型动血管壁变厚。

Jake Burton, 15, has advanced craniodiaphyseal dysplasia. Was admitted last night after complaining of headaches. And he's not a complainer.

Jake bBurton，15岁，进展期颅骨骨干发育异常。昨晚入院，声称头痛。他不是小题大做。

I mean, I would say very regularly, um, and we have not eliminated dysplasia.

我的意思是，我会说非常频繁，嗯，而且我们还没有消除髋关节发育不良。

Samoyeds, for example, can have problems with diabetes, loss of vision, heart conditions, and even hip dysplasia.

例， 萨摩耶犬可能患有糖尿病、视力丧失、心脏病，甚至髋关节发育不良。

And British labs will limp with a little bit of elbow dysplasia.

而英国拉布拉多犬则会因轻微的肘关节发育不良而跛行。

In chronic laryngitis the normal columnar cells undergo dysplasia, which is when they transform into squamous epithelium to adapt to the chronic irritation.

性喉炎中，正常柱状细胞异型增生转变为鳞状上皮细胞，来适应性刺激。

And just because a dog has a lax, pin hip score doesn't mean they're going to develop hip dysplasia later.

而且，一只狗的髋关节评分宽松，并不意味着它们以后一定会发展成髋关节发育不良。

Leukoplakia is a precancerous white lesion, but more serious lesions include the red-colored erythroplakia which almost always contain severe dysplasia or early cancer.

口腔黏膜白斑是一种白色的癌前病变，但更严重的病变包括红色的口腔黏膜红斑，其几乎总有严重的异型增生或早期癌变。

Leukoplakia may show cells that have undergone some degree of dysplasia, meaning they look abnormal in some way, but are not cancerous, or malignant, yet.

白斑可能还意味着某些细胞经历了一定程度的不典型增生，即它们在某些方面看起来不正常，但还不是癌性/恶性的。

Erythroplakias are more serious than leukoplakia because almost always when they are removed and examined under the microscope they will show severe dysplasia, or early cancer.

黏膜红斑要黏膜白斑严重得多，因为在显微镜下观察这些组织时，它们几乎都表现出了明显的异型增生，或癌变早期征象。

Dysplasia refers to the replacement of one mature cell type with a less mature cell type: for example, dysplasia of the cervix epithelium.

例，子宫颈上皮不典型增生。

Cause I think you see a lot more elbow dysplasia in the British lines than you do in the American lines.

因为我觉得在英国血统的拉布拉多中，肘关节发育不良的情况美国血统的要多。

My name is Wildine Aumoithe, I'm 18-years-old and the type of dwarfism I have is SADDAN dysplasia which is a rare type of dwarfism which means basically that my height is two foot five at the moment.

我叫 Wildine Aumoithe，今年 18 岁，我患有的侏儒症类型是 SADDAN 发育不良，这是一种罕见的侏儒症类型，这基本上意味着我现在的身高是两英尺五英寸。

Yeah, I have heard that I've heard it's good for the breed overall, and that it's probably the one testing of one evaluation system that could actually push further into getting rid of hip dysplasia in a breed.

是的，我听说过，总体上这对犬种有益，而且可能是评估系统中的一项测试， 能够真正推动在犬种中消除髋关节发育不良。