The main causes of dystocia of vertex presentation were occiput malpresentation, macrosomic infant, uterine atony, abnormal pelvic and genital tract.

导致头位难的主要因素依次为胎头位置异常、巨、缩力、软及骨异常。

Objective:To survey the normal values of pelvic inclination of external pelvimetry and to provide evidence so as to estimate dystocia risk index for antenatal care.

测量骨盆倾斜度外测量正常值,为前检查估计难风险指数提供依据。