Lower levels of estrogen would lower the risk of breast and endometrial cancers.

雌性激素水平较低会降低患乳腺癌和子癌的风险。

Endometrial carcinoma involves the abnormal growth of the epithelial cells that make up endometrial glands, and there are two main types.

子癌涉及子腺体上皮细胞异常生长，主要有两种类型。

Sitting has been associated with a 32% greater risk of endometrial cancer, and a 24% high risk of colon cancer.

得子癌的风险可能因为久坐而增加32%，结肠癌也可能增加24%。

Now, type 2 endometrial carcinoma is more rare, and it has a number of subtypes.

II型子癌比较少见，有许多亚型。

The good news is that there are actually factors that protect against Type 1 endometrial carcinoma!

好消息是实际上有一些因素可预防I型子癌。

Oh, they're just gonna look and see if my endometrial layer is thick.

哦 只是看看我的子是不是变厚了。

Oh, they're just going to look and see if my endometrial layer is thick.

哦，他们只是要看看我的子层是否厚。

These cancers typically affect women who have endometrial atrophy and who have lower body weight.

这些癌症通常发生在子萎缩和体型瘦弱的女性身上。

IUD must have been left in, embedded in the endometrial tissue where it couldn't be detected.

因为是深入子的所没有发现。

Surgery is the treatment for all types and stages of endometrial carcinoma.

手术可用于治疗所有类型及所有阶段的子癌。

Even though there are two distinct types of endometrial carcinomas, we use the same stages to describe their development.

虽然存在两种不同类型的子癌，我们可用相同的分期来描述它们的病程发展。

So having high levels of estrogen will cause the endometrium undergoes hyperplasia, leading to increased risk of developing type 1 endometrial carcinoma.

因此，高水平的雌激素会导致子增生，从而增加I型子癌的风险。

All right, as a quick recap, endometrial carcinoma is a very common cancer of the lining of the uterus.

好！快速回顾一下：子癌是一种很常见的癌症。

The most common is Type 1 endometrial carcinoma, which is also called endometrioid carcinoma because the tumours grow in a way that looks like normal endometrial glands.

最常见的是I型子癌，又称为子样腺癌，因肿瘤的生长方式与正常的腺体相似而得名。

It's followed by the proliferative phase, during which the rising levels of ovarian estrogen make the functional layer of the endometrium thicken and sprout endometrial glands.

之后是增殖期，伴随卵巢分泌雌激素的上升，子功能层增厚，子腺体生长。

Each time ovulation doesn't result in a healthy pregnancy, the womb gets rid of its endometrial lining, along with any unfertilized eggs, sick, dying, or dead embryos.

每当排卵未能形成健康胚胎，子都会使整个脱落，同时将未受精的，虚弱的 或濒死的胚胎一并排出。

It usually involves several genetic mutations in endometrial cells, including of PTEN, a tumor suppressor gene; PIK3CA, an oncogene; and ARID1A, a gene regulating chromatin structure.

它通常涉及子细胞的几种基因突变，包括抑癌基因PTEN、原癌基因PIK3CA，及调控染色质结构的基因ARID1A。

Finally, a hereditary condition called Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, also called Lynch syndrome, causes a high risk of developing certain cancers, including colon cancer and endometrial carcinoma.

最后还存在一种遗传病，称为遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌，又称Lynch综合征，会导致增加罹患某些癌症的风险，包括结肠癌、子癌等。

Type 1 is associated with having abnormally high levels of estrogen over a long period of time, and is usually preceded by endometrial hyperplasia.

I型与长时间异常升高的雌激素水平有关，通常发生在子增生之后。

Most Type 1 endometrial carcinomas are diagnosed in stage 1 and aren't very aggressive, and because of that they have a good prognosis.

大多数I型子癌在I期就被诊断出来，不具备很强的侵袭性，因此预后良好。