When proto-oncogenes, like epidermal growth factor receptor and RAS, are activated, it turns them into oncogenes that promote cell division.

当原癌基因（如生长因子受体基因、RAS基因）被激活时，它们就变成促进细胞分裂的癌基因。

I will scan you now. Scan complete. You have a slight epidermal abrasion on your forearm. I suggest an anti-bacterial spray.

现在我进行扫描。扫描完毕。的小臂上有轻度擦伤。我建议用除菌喷雾处理。

Once it’s in, the virus causes epidermal cells to go into reproductive overdrive.

一旦进入， 病毒就会导致细胞进入繁殖超速状态。

Since the proboscis goes through both the epidermal and dermal layers, the cells in those layers are susceptible to infection by Zika virus.

因为喙穿过和真层，这些层中的细胞就容易受到寨卡病毒的感染。

Epidermal cells divide, move outwards, die, and form the skin's tough outer layer, which gradually sheds off in single cells far too small to see.

细胞分裂、外移、凋亡，形成肤坚韧的屏障，并以肉眼无法看到的单细胞逐渐脱落。

Some breast cancers also have mutations in the ERBB2 gene that increase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, or HER-2, which when activated, promotes the growth of cells.

一些乳腺癌也有ERBB2基因的突变，可以增加人生长因子受体2（HER-2）的达；当它HER-2被激活时，会促进细胞增长。

Initially, ink is deposited into the epidermis as well, but as the skin heals, the damaged epidermal cells are shed and replaced by new, dye-free cells with the topmost layer peeling off like heeling sunburn.

其实，纹身的过程也会把颜料植入，但是随着肤的自我修复，损坏的细胞脱落被新的、没有颜料的细胞所替代，如同层肤被阳光灼伤一样脱落。