Fluoride is a widely distributed nephrotoxin with exposure potentially resulting from environmental fluorine excess.Kidney is the main excretory organ of fluorine.

的主要排泄器官，当机体摄入过量超过的排泄力时，组织细胞就会因处于高环境而受到损害。

The development of the kidney, the major excretory organ after birth, consists of 3 stages: the pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros.

人体主要的排泄器官，它的发育经过原、中、后3个阶段。