Considering cells can't survive outside a narrow range of electrolyte levels in the extracellular fluid, the ability to retain salt and at the same time excrete excess salt is very important.

考虑到细胞无法细胞外液中电解质水平范围较窄情况下存活，保留盐同时排出多余盐能力至关重要。

They move water out of their cells so that it freezes in the extracellular space.

它们将水移出细胞，这样水细胞外空间冻结了。

When activated, the stellate cells lose vitamin A, proliferate, and start secreting secreting transforming growth factor beta1, or TGF-beta, which then causes them to produce collagen, which is the main ingredient in extracellular matrix, fibrosis, and scar tissue.

激活后星形细胞失去维生素A，并且开始大量增生，分泌转化生长因子ß，即TGF-ß，随之导致其生成胶原；胶原是细胞外基质、纤维化和疤痕组织重要成分。

Of the remaining phosphate, a tiny amount is extracellular, or outside cells like in the blood, so this is the bit that gets measured, and the majority is intracellular, or inside cells, where it does all sorts of things.

游离磷酸盐中一部分细胞外液，即细胞外，如血液内，这是细胞外被测量磷酸盐；但大多数是细胞内，它细胞内做各种各样事。

Just like other connective tissues, blood develops from mesenchyme and is made up of cells surrounded by an extracellular nonliving matrix: In this case, the ground substance is your blood plasma, which has protein fibers floating around in it.

像其他结缔组织一样，血液由间充质发育而成，由细胞外非生物基质包围细胞组成：这种情况下，基础物质是你血浆，其中漂浮着蛋白质纤维。

A virus in the extracellular state is called a virion and consists of a protein coat called a capsid which protects the viral genome and aids in its transfer between host cells.

处于细胞外病毒称为病毒粒子有称为" 衣壳" 蛋白质外壳；衣壳保护着病毒基因组，并协助病毒宿主细胞间传播。

Therefore, any increase of the cellular and extracellular volume or decrease of the volume capacity like with some external compression, will lead to the increase of the pressure inside the compartment.

任何引起细胞内外体积增大或腔内空间减小（如外力压迫等）原因都会引起腔室内压力升高。

When we look at healthy skin tissue under a microscope, we see the cells that perform various functions connected by an extracellular matrix, or ECM.

当我们微镜下观察健康肌肤组织时，我们可以看见被ECM(细胞外基质)所连接各种细胞起到了不同作用。

Neutrophils make an enzyme called neutrophil elastase, a protease capable of breaking down elastin, which is an extracellular matrix protein that gives elasticity and strength to lung tissues.

中性粒细胞产生中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶，该酶能够水解弹性蛋白；弹性蛋白是一种细胞外基质蛋白，赋予肺组织弹性和韧性。

Meanwhile, ion exchangers on the basal surface of the cell move the negatively charged bicarbonate ion into the extracellular space, causing an increase in pH.

同时，细胞基底面离子交换将带负电荷碳酸氢根离子移入细胞外，导致pH值升高。

Bones are made of two components cells, making up approximately 5% of the bone's volume, and the extracellular matrix, which accounts for the rest.

骨骼由两种成分细胞组成，约占骨骼体积 5%，而细胞外基质则占其余部分。

As a result, there are fewer functioning microfibrils in the extracellular matrix, and that means there's less tissue integrity and elasticity.

这会导致细胞外基质中正常微纤丝减少，造成组织完整性和弹性下降。

Collagen accompanies the extracellular matrix in providing the structure and tensile strength of connective tissues like our ligaments and tendons.

胶原伴随细胞外基质，为韧带和肌腱等结缔组织提供结构和抗拉强度。

It acts as a coupling factor for an enzyme that synthesizes a component of extracellular matrix, collagen.

它作为一种酶偶联因子，合成细胞外基质一种成分-胶原蛋白。

As you get older, the production of these extracellular matrix molecules naturally starts to slow down.

随着你年龄增长，这些细胞外基质分子再生减缓。

In order for our cells to work properly, systems had to develop that could regulate the concentration of salt and other components of our blood and extracellular fluid.

为了使人体细胞正常工作，身体内各个系统必须能够调节盐以及血液和细胞外液体其他成分浓度。

Matrix producers pump out the extracellular goo, swimmers assemble flagella and are free to move about or migrate, and spore-formers produce dormant, tough endospores that survive starvation, temperature extremes, and harmful radiation.

基质制造者能够分泌细胞外粘性物质，鞭毛可以自由活动和迁移，芽孢菌生产休眠、坚硬孢子内壁，孢子内壁能够饥饿、极端温度、以及有害射线下生存。

Of the remaining phosphate, a tiny amount is extracellular, or outside the cells like in the blood, so this is the bit that gets measured, and the majority is intracellular, or inside cells, where it does all sorts of things.

剩下磷酸盐中，极小部分细胞外，比如血液中，是可以被检测，而大多数磷酸盐细胞内；细胞内磷酸盐有着各种各样功能。

But the weak bonds of the fibers' SPN meant that even once they were assembled into their extracellular scaffolding, the fibers continued to move slightly, sometimes even escaping the network.

但纤维SPN化学键很弱，这意味着即使它们被聚集到细胞外支架中，纤维也会继续轻微移动，甚至有时会逸出网结构。

This extracellular matrix is composed of organic matter, and is primarily a matrix of the protein COLLAGEN and minerals, chiefly CALCIUM, which accounts for 50 to 70% of the bone.

这种细胞外基质由有机物组成，主要是胶原蛋白和矿物质（主要是钙）基质，钙占骨骼50 - 70%。