Considering cells can't survive outside a narrow range of electrolyte levels in the extracellular fluid, the ability to retain salt and at the same time excrete excess salt is very important.

考虑到细无法细中电解质水平范围较窄的情况下存活，保留盐的同时排出多余盐的能力就显得至关重要。

They move water out of their cells so that it freezes in the extracellular space.

它们将水移出细，这样水就细空间冻结了。

When activated, the stellate cells lose vitamin A, proliferate, and start secreting secreting transforming growth factor beta1, or TGF-beta, which then causes them to produce collagen, which is the main ingredient in extracellular matrix, fibrosis, and scar tissue.

激活后的星形细失去维生素A，并且开始大量增生，分泌转化生长因子ß，即TGF-ß，随之导致其生成胶原；胶原是细基质、纤维化和疤痕组织的重要成分。

Of the remaining phosphate, a tiny amount is extracellular, or outside cells like in the blood, so this is the bit that gets measured, and the majority is intracellular, or inside cells, where it does all sorts of things.

游离磷酸盐中的一部分细，即细，血内，这是细被测量的磷酸盐；但大多数是细内的，它细内做各种各样的事。

Just like other connective tissues, blood develops from mesenchyme and is made up of cells surrounded by an extracellular nonliving matrix: In this case, the ground substance is your blood plasma, which has protein fibers floating around in it.

就像其他结缔组织一样，血由间充质发育而成，由细非生物基质包围的细组成：这种情况下，基础物质是你的血浆，其中漂浮着蛋白质纤维。

A virus in the extracellular state is called a virion and consists of a protein coat called a capsid which protects the viral genome and aids in its transfer between host cells.

处于细状态的病毒称为病毒粒子有称为" 衣壳" 的蛋白质壳；衣壳保护着病毒基因组，并协助病毒宿主细间传播。

Therefore, any increase of the cellular and extracellular volume or decrease of the volume capacity like with some external compression, will lead to the increase of the pressure inside the compartment.

任何引起细内体积增大或腔内空间减小（力压迫等）的原因都会引起腔室内压力升高。

When we look at healthy skin tissue under a microscope, we see the cells that perform various functions connected by an extracellular matrix, or ECM.

当我们显微镜下观察健康的肌肤组织时，我们可以看见被ECM(细基质)所连接的各种细起到了不同的作用。

Neutrophils make an enzyme called neutrophil elastase, a protease capable of breaking down elastin, which is an extracellular matrix protein that gives elasticity and strength to lung tissues.

中性粒细产生中性粒细弹性蛋白酶，该酶能够水解弹性蛋白；弹性蛋白是一种细基质蛋白，赋予肺组织弹性和韧性。

Meanwhile, ion exchangers on the basal surface of the cell move the negatively charged bicarbonate ion into the extracellular space, causing an increase in pH.

同时，细基底面的离子交换将带负电荷的碳酸氢根离子移入细，导致pH值升高。

Bones are made of two components cells, making up approximately 5% of the bone's volume, and the extracellular matrix, which accounts for the rest.

骨骼由两种成分细组成，约占骨骼体积的 5%，而细基质则占其余部分。

As a result, there are fewer functioning microfibrils in the extracellular matrix, and that means there's less tissue integrity and elasticity.

这会导致细基质中正常的微纤丝减少，造成组织完整性和弹性下降。

Collagen accompanies the extracellular matrix in providing the structure and tensile strength of connective tissues like our ligaments and tendons.

胶原伴随细基质，为韧带和肌腱等结缔组织提供结构和抗拉强度。

It acts as a coupling factor for an enzyme that synthesizes a component of extracellular matrix, collagen.

它作为一种酶的偶联因子，合成细基质的一种成分-胶原蛋白。

As you get older, the production of these extracellular matrix molecules naturally starts to slow down.

随着你年龄的增长，这些细基质分子的再生减缓。

In order for our cells to work properly, systems had to develop that could regulate the concentration of salt and other components of our blood and extracellular fluid.

为了使人体细正常工作，身体内的各个系统必须能够调节盐以及血和细体其他成分的浓度。

Matrix producers pump out the extracellular goo, swimmers assemble flagella and are free to move about or migrate, and spore-formers produce dormant, tough endospores that survive starvation, temperature extremes, and harmful radiation.

基质制造者能够分泌细粘性物质，鞭毛可以自由活动和迁移，芽孢菌生产休眠、坚硬的孢子内壁，孢子内壁能够饥饿、极端温度、以及有害射线下生存。

Of the remaining phosphate, a tiny amount is extracellular, or outside the cells like in the blood, so this is the bit that gets measured, and the majority is intracellular, or inside cells, where it does all sorts of things.

剩下的磷酸盐中，极小部分细的，比血中的，是可以被检测的，而大多数磷酸盐细内；细内的磷酸盐有着各种各样的功能。

But the weak bonds of the fibers' SPN meant that even once they were assembled into their extracellular scaffolding, the fibers continued to move slightly, sometimes even escaping the network.

但纤维SPN的化学键很弱，这意味着即使它们被聚集到细支架中，纤维也会继续轻微移动，甚至有时会逸出网状结构。

This extracellular matrix is composed of organic matter, and is primarily a matrix of the protein COLLAGEN and minerals, chiefly CALCIUM, which accounts for 50 to 70% of the bone.

这种细基质由有机物组成，主要是胶原蛋白和矿物质（主要是钙）的基质，钙占骨骼的50 - 70%。