Alright, so with membranous glomerulonephritis, the basement membrane becomes damaged which causes nephrotic syndrome.

，所在膜性肾小球肾炎中，基底膜受损，可导致肾病综合征。

If it goes untreated or the treatment is not successful, then membranous glomerulonephritis can progress to chronic renal failure.

如不加治疗或治疗不成功，那么膜性肾小球肾炎会进展成慢性肾衰竭。

So as a quick recap, intrarenal AKI is kidney injury caused by something within the kidneys themselves, which could be the tubules as in acute tubular necrosis, the glomerulus as in glomerulonephritis, or the interstitium as in acute interstitial nephritis.

！快速回下：肾性急性肾损伤是由肾脏内部引起的急性肾损伤，可能是小管，如急性肾小管坏死；或肾小球，如肾小球肾炎；或肾间质，如急性间质性肾炎。

Alright another type of intrarenal AKI is glomerulonephritis, or GN, which means inflammation of the glomerulus.

，类肾性急性肾损伤是肾小球性肾炎，即GN，意味着肾小球的炎症。

Membranous glomerulonephritis most commonly affects caucasian adults, and it can be primary, or idiopathic, meaning it's not quite clear why these complexes form, and this accounts for the vast majority of cases.

白种人最易患膜性肾小球肾炎，它可是原发的，即特发性的，意味着免疫复合物形成的机理尚不明确；极大多数膜性肾小球肾炎病因属于这类。

Alright, quick recap—membranous glomerulonephritis is where immune complexes deposit in the GBM, causing a thickening of that GBM and a " spike and dome" appearance that leads to nephrotic syndrome.

，快速回下：在膜性肾小球肾炎中，免疫复合物沉积在肾小球基膜，引起肾小球基膜增厚和“钉状突起”，导致肾病综合征。

Then we come to nephrology, which deals with the diagnosis and management of a wide range of kidney-related conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, kidney stones, glomerulonephritis and hypertension.

然后我们来到肾病学领域，它涉及肾脏相关疾病的诊断和管理，如慢性肾病、急性肾损伤、肾结石、肾小球肾炎和高血压。