Never mind, said he, chuckling to himself. The question now is about haemoglobin.

这没有什么，他格格地笑了笑，现的是血色蛋白质的问题。

But the most common cause of low haemoglobin levels, or anaemia, is lack of iron.

但导致血红蛋白水平低或贫血的最常见原因是缺铁。

The carbon monoxide permanently binds to haemoglobin in your blood, blocking oxygen from binding.

一氧化碳会永久地与你血液中的血红蛋白结合，阻止氧气的结合。

The reason is that, besides its well-known role in haemoglobin, the oxygen-transporting molecule in the blood, iron is also involved in many aspects of brain development.

因为除了血液中的氧气运输分子——血红蛋白中发挥着众所周知的作用外，铁元素还许多面参与了大脑的发育。

They can do this because inside the red blood cells, there is a very important molecule called haemoglobin.

它们之所以能做到这一点，是因为红血球内部，有一种非常重的分子，叫做血红蛋白。

And they become sticky. Bad haemoglobin also causes red blood cells to die more quickly than healthy red blood cells.

并且血液会变得粘稠。不良血红蛋白还会导致红细胞比健康红细胞更快死亡。

So, they cannot make enough haemoglobin.

因此，他们不能制造足够的血红蛋白。

The body needs a particular amount of haemoglobin to work correctly.

一定数量的血红蛋白才能正常工作。

Sickle Cell Anemia affects a protein in the red blood cells. This protein is called haemoglobin.

镰状细胞性贫血影响红细胞中的一种蛋白质。这种蛋白质被称为血红蛋白。

This means they have fewer haemoglobin molecules to help move and hold oxygen.

这意味着它们有较少的血红蛋白分子来帮助运输和保存氧气。

But carbon monoxide binds to haemoglobin more strongly than oxygen does.

但是一氧化碳与血红蛋白的结合力比氧气更强。

If we had an approach that could go beyond cutting and essentially find and replace, correct that defect and restore the normal haemoglobin protein, that should be a definitive cure.

如果我们有一种法可以超越切割并从根本上找到和替换，纠正该缺陷并恢复正常的血红蛋白，那应该是一种彻底的治愈法。

Well you can say that iron is in my blood, it is in your blood as well. It is iron that gives haemoglobin the red pigment in your blood, its red colour.

你可以这么说，铁我的血液里，也你的血液里。正是铁让血红蛋白有了血液中的红色素，使其呈现红色。

There are many reasons why haemoglobin levels may drop.

导致血红蛋白水平下降的原因有很多。

Both are caused by genetic faults in the instructions for making haemoglobin, a protein that helps red blood cells carry oxygen.

这两种疾病都是由于血红蛋白（一种帮助红细胞携带氧气的蛋白质）制造指令中的基因缺陷引起的。

After one year, they retest the haemoglobin level of the population and find that now only half of the population has a normal level and no one is anaemic.

一年后，他们重新检测了居民的血红蛋白水平，发现现只有半数居民的水平正常，没有贫血。

Giving a small dose is the gold-standard way to measure levels of haemoglobin, a molecule found in red blood cells, and an important statistic for endurance athletes.

给予小剂量是测量血红蛋白水平的黄金标准法。血红蛋白是红细胞中的分子，也是耐力运动员的重统计数据。

The company reckons its base-editing drug will work better than CRISPR-Cas9 and deliver higher levels of haemoglobin.

该公司认为，其碱基编辑药物将比 CRISPR-Cas9 效果更好，并能提供更高水平的血红蛋白。

About 5 per cent of people will be anaemic and 5 per cent will have too much haemoglobin, a condition called polycythaemia.

约5%的会贫血，而5%的红细胞过多，这种情况称为多血症。

It involves collecting blood stem cells from a patient, editing a gene within them to restart the production of a type of haemoglobin that is usually produced only when a baby is in the womb, and re-injecting those stem cells.

它包括从患者内采集血液干细胞，编辑其中的基因以重新启动一种通常只婴儿子宫内时产生的血红蛋白，然后重新注射这些干细胞。