Still, the question of how mitochondria, specifically in hepatocytes, become damaged remains mostly a mystery.

至于脏里线粒体是如何受损，仍是一个谜。

When the hepatocytes are injured though, they secrete paracrine factors that " activates" and changes the stellate cells.

然而，当细胞受损时，细胞分泌“旁分泌因子”，可以激活并改变星形细胞。

Like an eco-friendly treatment plant, the liver uses cells called hepatocytes to convert toxic waste products into this bitter greenish liquid.

就像一个环保处，脏用一种名叫细胞细胞，来将有毒废弃产品转化成这种绿色，苦涩体。

Supplementing the deficient protein in the blood doesn't fix the liver problems, since they're caused by defective alpha-1 antitrypsin building up in the hepatocytes.

由于病变是缺陷α-1抗胰蛋白酶在细胞累积造成，仅补充缺乏蛋白质不能解决脏问题。

Misfolded alpha-1 antitrypsin can aggregate and get stuck in the endoplasmic reticulum of the liver hepatocytes where it's made, causing some of those cells to die.

错误折叠α-1抗胰蛋白酶可聚集并阻塞于细胞内质网，即α-1抗胰蛋白酶产生地方，导致其一部分细胞死亡。

Frequently affected organs include the liver, where the bacterial toxins damage liver sinusoids and hepatocytes, causing bilirubin to spill into the bloodstream - which clinically translates as jaundice.

脏是常见受累器官，细菌释放毒素破坏窦及细胞，导致胆红素释放入循环，在临床上表现为黄疸。

Ultimately the answer to this question is still unknown, what is known is that in patients with Reye's syndrome the mitochondria inside their liver cells, or hepatocytes, become damaged.

确切原因我们并不知晓，但我们知道瑞氏综合征患者脏细胞（也就是细胞）内存在线粒体损伤。

Whatever the case, as the hepatocytes die and the liver becomes dysfunctional, blood doesn't get filtered, and so it doesn't get the nitrogen-containing toxins filtered by the liver like it normally would.

不论原因如何，随着细胞坏死，功失常，无法正常过滤，因而脏无法正常过滤含氮毒素。

Here's a pretty basic layout of the basic functional unit of the liver, you've got the portal vein and hepatic artery that combine into a sinusoid, which then goes into the central vein, and these are all lined with hepatocytes.

这是一个脏基本功能单位简单示意图，你可以看到由门静脉和动脉来在窦汇集，然后流入央静脉，这些都与干细胞相平行。