Just two or three carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, and some hydrogens.

只有两碳原子、一羟基以及一些氢原子。

The incorporation of Ascorbic acid with the enzyme, adds hydroxyl group on proline residue in collagen.

抗坏血酸与酶的结合，使胶原中的脯氨酸残基上增加了羟基。

And what's left are molecules with four carbons, each of which is saturated, and attached to a hydroxyl group.

剩下的是含四碳的分子，都是饱和的，依附在羟基上。

Its molecules come in long chains, called polymers, and on each end there's a hydrogen-oxygen pair, called a hydroxyl group.

他的分子拥有很长的链叫做高分子聚合物，一分子的末端都有一氢氧基对，叫做羟基组。

And it depends on where this hydroxyl group comes off of this.

这取决于这羟基从哪位置脱离。

Sometimes a hydroxyl group from one molecule is happy to join up with a hydrogen from another, forming water.

有时，一分子中的羟基很乐意与另一分子中的氢结合， 形成水。

And what’s left are molecules with four carbons, each of which is saturated, and attached to a hydroxyl group.

剩下的就是四碳原子的分子，碳原子都是饱和的，并且一羟基。

It reacts with HOPDMS in such a way that it breaks off a hydroxyl group from one end of each chain, so that two chains can join together!

它与 HOPDMS 产生反应，通过打断一链末尾的羟基组，使得两链可以结合在一起！

Carboxylic acids are a type of organic compound characterized by a carbon (C) atom doubly bonded to an oxygen (O) atom and singly bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH) .

羧酸是一种有机化合物，其特征是一碳（C）原子与一氧（O）原子双键结合，并与一羟基（-OH）单键结合。

Beta hydroxybutyric acid on the other hand, even though it's still one of the ketone bodies, isn't technically a ketoacid since its ketone group has been reduced to a hydroxyl group.

而β-羟基丁酸虽说也是酮体，但却不是酮酸，因为它的酮基团被还原成了羟基。

Technically speaking, an alcohol is any compound that contains a hydrogen-oxygen pair, known as a hydroxyl group, that's bound to an atom of carbon that's saturated, meaning all of its electrons are bound to something else.

严格说来，含有氢氧化合物的东西都是酒精，也就是我们所熟知的氢氧基，粘在饱和的碳原子上，也就是意味所有的电子都粘在另外的东西上。

If you were paying attention, you learned that alcohols are organic compounds with hydroxyl groups, if you dehydrogenate them, the hydroxyl converts to a carbonyl and they become dehydrogenated alcohols or aldehydes.

如果你注意听了，你应该知道醇是含有羟基的有机化合物， 如果你对其进行脱氢处理， 羟基会转化为羰基， 从而变成脱氢醇醛。

He showed that VHL and HIF-1 alpha interact with one another and that this interaction which incorporates molecules called hydroxyl groups into the mix makes HIF1 alpha susceptible to degradation in the presence of oxygen.

他证明了VHL和HIF-1α相互作用，并且这种包含羟基分子的交互使得HIF-1α在有氧条件下容易被降解。

If it's a six carbon chain with a carboxylic acid on it and an alcohol on one of the other carbons, our name has to do two things: identify that the hydroxyl group is there and identify where it is.

如果它是一六碳链， 上面有一羧酸， 另一碳上有一醇，我们的名字必须做两件事：确定羟基的存在并确定它的位置。

It is not that HIF1 alpha is being oxidized and thus destroyed rather the hydroxyl groups which are created by a reaction between HIF1 alpha and oxygen market for destruction by a cell's protein degrading machinery The practical upshot of all.

并不是HIF1α被氧化并因此被破坏，而是HIF1α与氧气反应生成的羟基标记了其会被细胞的蛋白质降解机器破坏。总之，实际的结果是这样的。