ANA is detected by indirect immunofluorescence.

ANA 通过间接免疫荧法检测。

But, to be sure the immune-shielding proteins were still there, the team used two special techniques, immunofluorescence and western blotting, to check for their presence.

但是，为了确保免疫屏蔽仍然存在，研究小组使用了两种特殊技术--免疫荧和印迹法--来检查它们是否存在。

It's also too tiny to be seen with a light microscope, so to visualize it, you need a darkfield microscope with use of immunofluorescence is required.

这种细菌也因为体型太细而难在学显下显像，所为了能够看见钩端螺旋体，人们需要使用暗视野显及荧染色剂。

Those immune complexes can also be visualized on immunofluorescence, although one important finding that can help differentiate from other immune-complex mediated nephropathies is that these complexes involve IgA.

用免疫荧电也可看到这些免疫复合物，但有一点需要注意，有助于和其他免疫复合物介导的肾病区分，就是这些免疫复合物包含IgA。

And on immunofluorescence, there might be nonspecific focal deposits of IgM and complement proteins, and these get trapped in the areas of hyalinosis, but these isn't always seen.

在免疫荧电下，可能有非特异性病灶IgM和补体沉积；这些沉积局限于玻璃样变区域，但不总是出现。

The team deployed an advanced imaging tool called Multiplex immunofluorescence imaging (MxIF), which is used to repeatedly stain tumor samples with antibodies attached to fluorescent dyes.

该团队部署了一种称为多重免疫荧成像 (MxIF) 的高级成像工具， 该工具用于使用附着在荧染料上的抗体对肿瘤样本进行重复染色。

It's called Highly Multiplexed 3D Profiling of Cell States and Immune Meshes in Human Tumors, and it specifically uses a technique called 3D cyclic immunofluorescence, or 3D CyCIF for short.

它被称为“人类肿瘤中细胞状态和免疫网络的高多重三维分析”，该技术特别采用了一种名为三维循环免疫荧（3D cyclic immunofluorescence），简称3D CyCIF的技术。