It can then travel back up through the sensory nerve, anterogradely to the skin and cause an infection in the innervated dermatome - that's called herpes zoster or shingles.

它们会沿着顺行到皮肤，导致皮节染，这时这种病被叫做带状疱疹。

In a big power-generating muscle like your rectus femoris in your quad, each of a thousand or so motor neurons may synapse with, and innervate, a thousand muscle fibers.

在一块能发电的肌肉里，就像你四肢的股直肌，一千个左右的运动元中的每一个都可能与一千条肌肉纤维形成突触，并支配它们。

Basically, in a nutshell, any structure innervated by the median nerve downstream of the point of compression can be affected.

简言之，只要是正中延伸的分支到卡压，其支配的组织结构就会影响。

But as you work your way down, the nerves tend to innervate the lower and more posterior portions of the head.

但是当你往下走的时候，倾向于支配头部的下部后部。

The tibia nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg, and intrinsic flexors of the foot.

胫支配小腿后部的肌肉，以及足部的固有屈肌。

The facial nerve also innervates the sublingual and submandibular glands, which secrete saliva, as well as the lacrimal gland which produces tears, and mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and nasopharynx.

面同时也支配着舌下腺下颌下腺，它们可以分泌唾液；以及产生眼泪的泪腺，还有口、鼻、鼻咽的粘膜。

Just below that is the trigeminal nerve, the largest of the cranial nerves, which branches into three main strands — hence the 'tri' — and innervates the face and jaw muscles.

在三叉下面是三叉，最大的脑，它分为三股——因此是“三”股——支配着面部下巴肌肉。

Now moving on to the hand, the median nerve innervates the thenar muscles which control the movements of the thumb, so thumb movements are limited.

现在看看对手部的影响，正中支配大鱼际肌，控制大拇指运动，因此正中损时，拇指运动限。

The sciatic nerve innervates the muscles in the back of the thigh.

坐骨支配大腿后部的肌肉。

On the other hand, the median nerve innervates pronator teres and pronator quadratus, which pronate the forearm turning the palm posteriorly.

另一方面，正中支配旋前圆肌与旋前方肌，使前臂旋前，掌心向后旋转。

Finally, both the ulnar and median nerves innervate the lumbricals, which are 4 muscles that extend the fingers at the interphalangeal joints, and keep them flexed at the metacarpal phalangeal joints.

最后，尺正中都支配蚓状肌，这四条蚓状肌能使指间关节的手指伸直，同时掌指关节保持屈曲位。

There is quite a bit of, miss a lack of precise biology in how it is that the esophagus, the specific cells of the esophagus are innervated or like making sense of the environment.

在这方面的精确生物学知识还相当匮乏，比如食管及其特定细胞是如何被支配的，或者如何理解其环境。

Not as much as we have in our central nervous system, clearly, but the gut is a very innervated organ.

显然，我们的肠道细胞数量不及中枢系统那么多，但肠道确实是一个高度支配的器官。

This means that the muscles innervated by these lower motor neurons, like those in the arms, will not receive any neural input at all, so they go limp and decrease in tone, which is called flaccid paralysis.

这意味着由这些下运动元支配的肌肉，比如手臂肌肉，无法接收任何的信号输入，导致肌肉无力、张力降低，这被称为弛缓性瘫痪（软瘫）。

They lose taste on the front of the tongue, which is the area innervated by that chordate tympani nerve.

他们失去了舌前部的味，这个区域是由那条咽鼓支配的。

Skeletal Muscles are innervated, to communicate nervous energy to, by nerves, which conduct electrical currents from the central nervous system and cause the muscles to contract, so skeletal muscles are also called voluntary muscles.

骨骼肌支配，中枢系统的冲动以电流的形式通过纤维传导而引起肌肉收缩（原文没有捋顺，所以直接按翻译资料来的，communicate这一小句没有翻出来），因此骨骼肌又被称为随意肌。

Something that requires a lot of effort, those fibers don't get innervated or activated for a long time.

需要大量努力的活动，那些肌纤维长时间得不到刺激或激活。

And there are things that can exacerbate rosacea such as alcohol intake or anything that acts as a vasodilator that dilates the vasculature innervating the skin.

有些因素会加重酒渣鼻，例如酒精摄入或任何能作为血管扩张剂、使皮肤支配的血管扩张的东西。

The left half of the face is similarly innervated.

左侧面部的支配也类似。

The vagus nerve receives visceral sensory information from the thorax and abdomen, and the accessory nerve is responsible for innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, neither of which is exclusively in the head.

迷走接收来自胸腔腹部的内脏信息，副负责支配胸锁乳突肌斜方肌，这两种肌肉都不是只在头部。