Ask a pair of geochemists how something like this works, and they will start talking about isotopic abundances and ionization levels with an enthusiasm that is more endearing than fathomable.

要你问两位地球家这工作怎么进行，他们会滔滔不绝地谈到丰富同位素、离子程度，等等，这些听上去很可爱，但不容易搞明白。

And in chemistry, in science, we can actually measure ionization energy using something called photoelectron spectroscopy.

在和领域，我们实际上可以使用光电子能谱来测量电离能。

And there's a chart on ionization energy that's the most important one.

还有一张关于电离能, 这最重要一张。

And then what is ionization energy?

那么电离能什么？

It's because we're ejecting two electrons when we tune that frequency to the right ionization energy.

这因为当我们将该频率调整到正确电离能时，我们会弹出两个电子。

And so it's going to have a really small ionization energy here just because of the shielding effect and the fact that we have another shell.

所以由于屏蔽效应和我们有另一个壳层事实，这里电离能会非常小。

One theory is that this is caused by a quasar ionization echo.

一种理论认为这由类星体电离回波引起。

Today, point-of-use processes usually involve ionization to lower mineral content.

如今，使用点处理工艺通常包括离子以降低矿物质含量。

In this tube, we have an ionization chamber.

在这个管子里，我们有一个电离室。

Yeah, so ionization is the process of removing electrons from something.

，电离就从某个物体中移除电子过程。

It's getting really super hot, and they call it ionization.

它变得非常热，人们称之为电离。

But on Apollo 13, this ionization goes on longer than normal.

但在阿波罗13号任务中，这种电离过程持续时间比正常情况下要长。

That ionization made the gas glow in colors our eyes can see.

电离使气体发出人眼可见颜色光芒。

And we saw in the video on ionization energy, that's why this has a low ionization energy, it doesn't take much energy, in a gaseous state, to remove an electron from sodium.

我们在电离能视频中看到，这就为什么钠具有较低电离能，它在气态时只需很少能量就能移除一个电子。

They then tested some of those slides immediately using a sensitive analytical technique called matrix assisted laser disruption ionization or moldy to produce a spectrum of the prince chemical contents.

他们然后立即使用一种名为基质辅助激光解吸电离敏感分析技术测试了一些载玻片，以生成プリンス成分光谱。 注：原文中" prince chemical contents" 可能笔误或特定上下文中术语，此处直译为“プリンス成分”，但建议根据具体上下文进行调整。如果“prince”笔误，可能指“principal”，即主要成分。

So they can cause ionizations that can damage our tissues and the DNA. Fortunately, on Earth, the ozone layer protects us.

因此，它们能引发电离，从而损伤我们组织和DNA。幸运，在地球上，臭氧层为我们提供了保护。

Just like with the ionization energy there's a discrete energy jump involved with the adding of an electron.

就像电离能一样， 有一个离散能量跃迁涉及到一个电子添加。

And so a good way to figure that out is to look at their ionization energy which is going to be the amount of energy it takes to pull an electron away.

因此，找出答案一个好方法查看它们电离能，也就拉开一个电子所需能量。

Second, in our explanation we simplified the circuitry of the smoke detector's ionization chamber.

其次，在我们解释中，我们简了烟雾探测器电离室电路。

This energy is called " ionization energy."

这种能量称为“电离能” 。