These sand-sized particles emit ionizing radiation, capable of separating electrons from molecules and atoms.

这些沙微发出离子，能够使分子和原子电离。

If you were on the surface, you'd be a vaporized and ionized smear.

如果你在其表面上，你将会是一个被蒸发和电离污迹。

That protection keeps Solar wind and other ionizing radiation off of the surface.

这种保护使太阳风和其他电离远离地球表面。

One way scientists compare ionizing radiation exposure is a unit called the sievert.

科学家们区别电离暴露一个方法是一种叫西韦特单位。

This ionizing radiation has enough energy to rip electrons from atoms.

这种电离有足够能量把电子从原子中剥离出来。

This might happen when too much ionized calcium is excreted.

当过多钙离子被排出体外时，可能会发生这种情况。

Gas molecules emitted by the comet get ionized by the Sun's ultraviolet light.

彗星释放气体分子被太阳紫外线电离。

The researchers spotted a huge cloud of plasma, some 300 light-years long, containing highly ionized atoms.

研究人员发现了包含了高离态原子、长度约为300光年巨等离子云。

The growing radiation from those first stars ionized hydrogen atoms, split them back into protons and electrons.

随着初代恒星发出来，电离氢原子再次被分解为质子和电子。

During reentry, ionized plasma builds up around the spacecraft, causing a radio blackout for about three minutes.

返回途中飞船周围等离子体引起无线电联络中断了三分钟。

The laser light is focused down to hit this first layer which explodes into a superheated ionized gas.

激光向下聚焦击中第一层，这一层爆炸成过热电离气体。

Under those conditions, hydrogen is completely ionized, which means the electrons in the atoms are stripped from their protons.

在这种条件下，氢被完全电离，这意味着原子中电子被从质子边剥离出来。

This is known as ionizing radiation because an atom that has lost or gained electrons is called an ion.

这个叫做电离因为一个已经失去或得到电子原子叫做离子。

If you paid attention, you learned how pure water ionizes to form hydronium and hydroxide ions in reversible reactions.

也会出现0以下或是14以上时候但那只会出现在一些极端条件下。

When the Universe was still ionized, prior to recombination, it was opaque.

当宇宙还处于电离状态时，在重组之前，它是不透明。

Low levels of ionized calcium affect a variety of cellular processes, in particular, electrically active neurons.

低水平离子钙会影响多种细胞过程，特别是神经元电活动。

And when the very first stars and galaxies switched on, they ionized that hydrogen.

当最早恒星和星系启动时，它们将氢电离。

So the universe went from neutral to ionized.

所以宇宙从中性变为电离。

All of the tardigrade samples were exposed to both ionizing solar and galactic cosmic radiation.

所有缓步动物样本都暴露在电离太阳和银河宇宙下。

The higher the level of ionizing radiation, the faster the device discharges.

电离水平高， 设备放电速度快。