Now ischemia is lack of blood flow to tissue or lack of oxygen.

现在缺血是组织血流不足或缺氧。

Since there are more metabolically active lactotrophs around, they take up a larger proportion of the blood that supplies the pituitary gland, this increases the risk of ischemia in other cells of the pituitary as well.

由于泌乳细胞的新陈代谢相当活跃，它们占用了供的大部分血液，于是增加了中其他细胞缺血的风险。

Sickle cell disease, where blood cells are sickle-shaped due to a structurally abnormal hemoglobin protein that can cause tissue ischemia, has been linked to FSGS.

血细胞因血红蛋白结构异常而整呈现镰刀形，可导致组织缺血，与FSGS有关。

Intussusception can lead to intestinal obstruction and can also cut off the blood supply to that part of the intestines, resulting in bowel ischemia.

肠套叠可引起肠梗阻，阻断肠管血流，导致肠道缺血。

The end result is that blood is diverted, or stolen, away from the ischemic myocardium to non-ischemic areas, which further worsens the ischemia.

终结果就是血液从缺血的心肌被转移或者说被“偷”到未缺血区域，进一加剧了缺血。

When this happens, lots and lots of blood clots start to form in blood vessels serving various organs, leading to organ ischemia.

当DIC发生时，血凝块开始在供各个器官的血管中形成，导致了器官缺血。

Some of the most painful injuries that I see actually are ones that cause ischemia.

我看到的一些痛苦的伤害实际上是导致缺血的伤害。

Whatever the cause is, in response the coagulation pathway goes into overdrive, resulting in widespread clot formation which plugs up medium and small blood vessels which leads to ischemia, necrosis, and eventually organ damage.

无论原因如何，凝血途径相地偏离了正轨，导致了广泛地血凝块形成，堵塞住中小血管，从而引起缺血、，终组织损伤。

As a result of ischemia, in the myocardium supplied by coronary artery B, the myocardial cells don't receive enough oxygen, which is called hypoxia.

于是冠脉B供血的心肌出现了缺血，心肌细胞无法获得足够的氧气，称为“缺氧”。

Intussusception can develop suddenly and because of the possibility of intestinal ischemia, rapid treatment is necessary.

肠套叠可突发起病，有引起肠缺血的可能，必须尽快治疗。

Dipyridamole is usually given intravenously for a pharmacological cardiac stress test, and the heart's response is observed on an electrocardiogram, or ECG, to diagnose cardiac ischemia.

通常我们会在药物心脏负荷试验中静脉给予双嘧达莫，之后在心电图上观察心脏的反，以此来诊断心肌缺血。

On an electrocardiogram, or ECG, both stable and unstable angina show an ST-segment depression since ischemia's limited to the subendocardium.

心电图上，稳定型和非稳定型心绞痛都显示ST段降低，因为缺血局限于心内膜下层。

Unlike both stable and unstable angina, in this case the coronary artery's constricted so severely that all layers of the heart wall being supplied are affected, therefore it's referred to as transmural ischemia.

与稳定型、非稳定型不同，这种情况下冠状动脉极度收缩，心壁所有层都受影响，因此，也被称为透壁性缺血。

This ischemia is thought to trigger release of adenosine, bradykinin, and other molecules that stimulate nerve fibers in the myocardium that result in the sensation of pain.

心内膜下缺血被认为启动腺苷、缓激肽等分子的释放，这些分子刺激心肌层神经末梢，导致痛觉产生。

Therefore the classic finding with angina is subendocardial ischemia, meaning less oxygen is reaching the region just under the endocardium.

因此心绞痛的典型发现就是心内膜下层缺血，即到达心内膜下层的氧减少。

Is there any evidence that caffeine can increase stroke or ischemia?

是否有证据表明咖啡因会增加脑卒中或缺血的风险？

It's reduced blood flow to the brain, what we call focal ischemia.

这是流向大脑的血液减少，我们称之为局部缺血。

Common causes of the long QT are inherited genetic long QTs, electrolyte anomalies, such as low potassium, low calcium or low magnesium, ischemia and a long list of medications.

长QT的常见原因是遗传性长QT、电解质异常，如低钾、低钙或低镁、缺血和一系列药物。

He's not in shock, his lungs were clear, and his ECG did not show any acute ischemia.

他没有处于休克状态，肺部清晰，心电图也未显示任何急性缺血迹象。

So what type of ischemia is actually enough for someone to think about holding off on tertlopressin?

那么，什么样的缺血情况才足以让人考虑暂停使用特利加压素呢？