The Standard Model consists of six quarks, six leptons, five known bosons and a postulated sixth, the Higgs boson (named for a Scottish scientist, Peter Higgs), plus three of the four physical forces: the strong and weak nuclear forces and electromagnetism.

6种夸克、6种轻、5种已知的玻色和1种假设的玻色，(即希格斯玻色，以苏格兰科学·希格斯的名字命名），加上4种物理力中的3种：强核力、弱核力和磁力。

These may be an electron and its antimatter equivalent, a positron, or two heavier leptons, a muon and an antimuon.

它们可能是一个和它的反物质等价物，一个正，或者两个更重的轻，一个介和一个反介。

When beauty quarks decay, the daughter particles produced sometimes include a pair of what are known as charged leptons.

当美夸克衰变时，产生的粒有时包含一对所谓的带轻。

Excellent. We're in a race with the Finnish team to see who can correct the unification of the leptons.

太好了，我们正在和芬兰团队竞争看谁能纠正轻粒的统一性。

So they might annihilate into quarks or leptons.

所以它们可能会湮灭成夸克或轻。

I've described the fermions, which contain the quarks and the leptons.

我已介绍了费米，它们包括夸克和轻。

Similar to electrons, neutrinos belong to the  lepton family of particles, meaning that they do not interact with other matter through the  strong nuclear force that binds other subatomic particles like protons and neutrons together.

类似， 中微属于轻族的粒，这意味着它们不通过强核力其他物质相互作用， 而强核力是将质和中等其他亚原粒结合在一起的力量。

So now inside that box, there might be one, let's say there might be one ordinary matter, like a proton or an electron, a baryon, a lepton.

现在，让我们聚焦那个盒内部。假设里面可能存在一种普通物质，比如质或，即重或轻。

That model, she explains, told us there were 17 building blocks of nature: six quarks, six leptons, four force-carrier particles, and the Higgs boson.

她解释说， 那个模型告诉我们自然界有 17 个组成部分：六个夸克、 六个轻、 四个载力粒和希格斯玻色。

Fermions divide into leptons, quarks and their antimatter equivalents, which are identical to normal matter but with opposite electrical charges.

费米分为轻、夸克和它们的反物质等价物，它们普通物质相同，但荷相反。

So, inside the neutrons, electrons and the protons you're looking at the quarks, leptons, bosons and the Higgs.

所以， 在中、和质内部，你看到的是夸克、轻、玻色和希格斯粒。

The leptoquark force that this theory posits would be able to transform quarks into leptons, and vice versa.

该理论假设的轻夸克力能够将夸克转化为轻，反之亦然。

This theory says that, at a deeper level of nature, quarks and leptons are actually the same thing.

这个理论说，在更深层次的自然界中，夸克和轻实际上是一回事。

Like other leptons, muons contain a tiny internal magnet.

像其他轻一样，μ 包含一个微小的内部磁铁。

Two of cern's detectors—atlas and cms—have recently announced hints of excesses in the production of this and other heavy fermions, notably bottom quarks and tau leptons.

cern 的两个探测器——atlas 和 cms——最近宣布了这种和其他重费米产生过量的迹象，特别是底夸克和 tau 轻。

For the forces that govern them, there is no difference between the two, an idea called " lepton universality" .

对于支配它们的力，两者没有区别，一种叫做“轻普遍性”的想法。

Each successive generation is heavier than the previous leptons are similar. The lightest generation contains the electron a second heavier generation to muon the third and heaviest the towel.

每一代粒都比前一代重，轻的情况类似。最轻的一代包含，第二代较重的是μ，最重的第三代是τ。

That is much closer to the Fermilab measurement. The third model breaking anomaly came from an experiment called Mu1 G2. Like other leptons muons. Contain a tiny internal magnet when placed in a strong magnetic field.

这更接近费米实验室的测量结果。第三个违背模型的异常来自一个名为Mu1 G2的实验。像其他轻一样，μ在置于强磁场中时会携带一个微小的内部磁体。

A violation of lepton universality would be a crack in what is called the Standard Model, and therefore Nobel prizewinning stuff.

违反轻普遍性将是所谓的标准模型的裂缝，因此也是诺贝尔奖主。

One way in which these mesons decay is by the transformation of the bottom antiquark into a so-called " strange" antiquark and a pair of leptons, a different class of fundamental particle that includes electrons and their more massive cousins, muons.

这些介衰变的一种方式是将底部的反夸克转变为所谓的“奇异”反夸克和一对轻，轻是一种不同的基本粒，包括及其质量更大的表亲介。