So that we are using very highly sophisticated equipment, mainly the electron beam lithography.

使用是非常精密设备，主要是电子束光刻。

The warning comes from ASML, the company makes lithography machines that etch circuits onto silicon wafers.

该警告来自ASML，该公司生产光刻机将电路蚀刻在硅片上。

These three-nanometer transistors are patterned using state-of-the-art extreme ultraviolet lithography.

这些三纳米晶体管使用最先进极外光刻术进行图案化。

Printing electronics is not new; screen printing, lithography, inkjet and other processes have long been used to manufacture circuit boards and components.

印刷电子术并不新鲜，屏幕印刷、平板印刷、喷绘和其他术用于生产电路板和元件已有很长时间。

With the help of electron-beam lithography, Dr Pass and his colleagues produced 5m of them and suspended them in a vial of water.

在电子束光刻术助下，帕斯博士和他同事制作了 5 m 纳米粒子， 并将它悬浮在一小瓶水中。

In microelectronics, they use something called lithography to do the same sort of thing, to make the transistors and integrated circuits and build up a structure several times.

在微电子学中，人使用相同原理光刻术，来制造晶体管和集成电路，反复构建一个结构。

Utilizing state-of-the-art, extreme ultraviolet lithography, 3 nanometer technology creates transistors that are so small, you could fit 2 million of them in the cross section of a human hair.

利用先进极外光刻，3 纳米工艺可制造极小晶体管，一根头发横截面就可容纳两百万个。