Both the cells of the tunica intima and tunica media generally get the nutrients they need from the blood in the lumen.

内膜和中膜的细胞，都能从内的液中获取所需的营养物质。

Increase in cAMP causes chloride channels on the cells to increase the secretion of chloride into the lumen while inhibiting the channels that let sodium and chloride back into the cell.

cAMP的增加会导致细胞上的氯离子通道增加氯离子向的分泌，同时抑制使钠和氯离子回到细胞内的通道。

In the gut, there's a layer of smooth muscle just under the submucosa, which sits under the mucosa, which is the innermost layer of the gut nearest to the lumen.

在肠道，黏膜下层之下有一层平滑肌，黏膜下层即位于黏膜层的下层，而黏膜是肠道最内层（离肠最近）。

Cortisol also helps to maintain the blood pressure by increasing the sensitivity of peripheral blood vessels to catecholamines- like epinephrine and norepinephrine, and this narrows the blood vessel lumen.

皮质醇也帮助维持压，增加周围对如肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素等胺的敏感，这会缩小。

This will compress the structures within, and the first ones to feel the effect of compression are the veins because the pressure inside their lumen is normally low.

这会压迫其内部结构；最先受到影响的是静脉，因为静脉内压力通常较低。

These are the glands that secrete the majority of the mucus into the lumen of the bronchi, helping to catch and filter out particles and pathogens.

排向的黏液绝大多数由这些黏液腺分泌，这些黏液可以阻挡和过滤微小的病原体。

So one hour of work translates into 20,000 more lumen hours of light that it did just in the time since this institution was founded.

因此，一小时工作转化成2万多光的流明时，而这是在美国国家科学院成立以来这么短的时间内做到的。

Most of your blood vessels share a similar structure consisting of three layers of tissue surrounding the open space, or lumen, that actually holds the blood.

你的大多数都有一个相似的结构，由三层组织组成，围绕着开放空间或内，实际上容纳液。

A dissection is where the inner wall, or intima, gets a tear, and blood tracks into a false lumen in the vessel wall.

动脉内壁或者说内膜产生撕裂，流随之进入壁的假中。

Different varieties of tracheostomy tubes include cuffed, non cuffed, double lumen tubes, tubes with speaking valves, metallic tubes, and so on.

不同种类的气造口包括带套囊的、没有套囊的、双、带发声阀的、金属等。

Now, that calcium's still in the lumen, but parathyroid hormone also affects the distal convoluted tubule and increases calcium reabsorption.

这时，钙仍然在内，但甲状旁腺激素也会影响远曲小，增加对钙的再吸收。

Anatomists call these layers " tunics, " and the innermost section is the tunica intima — which should be pretty easy to remember because, you know, it has like intimate contact with the lumen. It's like your circulatory underpants.

解剖学家称这些层为束腰外衣，最里面的部分是内膜——这应该很容易记住，因为，你知道，它和内有亲密的接触。就像你的循环内裤。

Since this is continuously happening, the scar becomes bigger and bigger, and together with the edema, they turn the wall thicker, and the lumen through which the food passes becomes smaller - which is called esophageal stenosis.

由于这种情况不断发生，疤痕组织变得越来越大，并伴随水肿，它们会使壁变厚，食物通过的变小，这就是食狭窄。

So, the abnormally high levels of luminal sodium and chloride disrupt the osmotic balance between the intestines and surrounding tissue; and water, bicarbonate, and potassium rush into the lumen of the intestines as a result.

因此，异常高水平的钠和氯破坏了肠道和周围组织之间的渗透平衡；水、碳酸氢盐和钾因而涌进肠。

In the bronchioles you've got the lumen, the mucosa which includes the inner lining of epithelial cells as well as the lamina propria, and the submucosa which is where the smooth muscle lives.

在细支气内，有体、粘膜（包括上皮细胞的内层、固有层），以及粘膜下层，也就是平滑肌所在的地方。

Bicarbonate helps neutralize the acidic chyme, and raising the pH in the intestinal lumen also helps digestive enzymes work more effectively.

碳酸氢盐能够中和酸的食糜，还能提高肠内的pH值；这也可以提高消化酶的活。

A narrow lumen means less blood and oxygen gets delivered to the kidney, resulting in ischemic injury to the nephron's glomerulus.

狭窄意味着对肾的供供氧减少，导致肾单位中肾小球的缺损伤。

Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that tends to form ulcers along the inner-surface or lumen of the large intestine, including both the colon and the rectum.

溃疡结肠炎是炎症肠病的其中一种类型，其主要表现为沿着大肠内面或形成的溃疡，这里所说的大肠包括结肠和直肠。

In peristalsis, the smooth muscles of the walls of your digestive organs take turns contracting and relaxing to squeeze food through the lumen, or cavity, of your alimentary tract.

在蠕动中，消化器官壁的平滑肌轮流收缩和放松，以将食物挤出消化道的或。

In hypertension, the walls of arteries supplying the kidney begin to thicken in order to withstand the pressure, and that results in a narrow lumen.

在高压下，供应肾的动脉壁为了承受更高的压而增厚，造成狭窄。