The basal cells and luminal cells of the prostate rely on stimulation from androgens, or male sex hormones, for survival.

前列腺基底细和管腔细的存活依赖于雄激素（激素）的刺激。

Without these androgens, the normal prostate cells, particularly the luminal cells, cannot survive, and undergo apoptosis or programmed cell death.

失去这些雄激素的支持，正常的前列腺细，尤其是管腔细，会因无法生存而凋亡，又称作细程序死亡。

Finally, there's an inner ring of luminal columnar cells, which are within the lumen or center of the gland.

最后是一层管腔柱状细，位于管腔内或腺体中央。

For example, if the testicles are castrated, or removed for some reason, the prostate significantly shrinks in size, largely due to death of the luminal cells.

例如，如果睾丸阉割或出于某种原因，管腔细会大量死亡导致前列腺明显缩小。

Prostate adenocarcinoma most often results from a genetic mutation in a luminal cell, but can also be a basal cell, and it results in that cell dividing uncontrollably.

前列腺癌大多数由管腔细基因突变导致，不过基底细基因突变也可能导致前列腺癌，造成细分裂不受控制。

So, the abnormally high levels of luminal sodium and chloride disrupt the osmotic balance between the intestines and surrounding tissue; and water, bicarbonate, and potassium rush into the lumen of the intestines as a result.

因此，异常高水平的管腔钠和氯破坏了肠道和周围组织之间的渗透平衡；水、碳酸氢盐和钾因而涌进肠腔。

In addition to this, because less sodium is in the distal tubule, less of it moves through the luminal sodium channel into the principal cell and gets pumped over to the other side by the basolateral sodium-potassium pump.

此外，因为远曲小管钠离子减少，通过腔内钠通道进入主细然后钠钾离子泵泵出的的钠离子也会减少。