A fascinating thing about Earth, which may make it unique, is that all through its very long existence, all four and a half billion years, variations in the luminosity of the Sun have been compensated for by a variable greenhouse effect.

地球有一件迷人事情，这可能使它独一无二，那就是在它漫长存在过程中，在45亿年时间里，太阳亮度变化被可变温室效应抵消了。

In addition, the sun's increasing luminosity will cause severe effects on Earth.

此外，太阳光度增加将对地球造成严重影响。

It became difficult to read. A blight entered the atmosphere and dulled its luminosity.

阅读变得困难起来。一种有害因素进入了大气，使光明变得幽暗。

I must have felt pretty weird by that time because I could think of nothing except the luminosity of his pink suit under the moon.

我当时一定已经志恍惚了，因为我脑子里什么都想不到，除了他那套粉红色衣服在月光下闪闪发光。

When you apply glaze over both of them, you can see it starts to unify the contrast, but also brings depth and luminosity.

当你在两者上釉时，你可以看到它有很强对，带来了深度和亮度。

Together with their distance, this provides a wealth of information about them including their luminosity, size, and temperature.

再加上它们距离，这就提供了大量关于它们信息，包括它们亮度、大小和温度。

One is to look for stars in the nearby universe whose absolute luminosity we know.

一种是在附近宇宙中寻找我们知道其绝对光度恒星。

These are called Cepheid variables, and they were critically important, because it was known that the time it took them to pulse was directly related to their luminosity, how much energy they emitted.

这些被称为造父变星，它们非常重要，因为我们知道它们产生脉冲时间与它们光度直接相关，就是它们释放能量。

In 1.5 billion years, the sun's luminosity will have caused its habitable zone to move outwards further into the solar system.

在 15 亿年后，太阳亮度将使其宜居带进一步向太阳系外移。

A lot of a star's physical characteristics are related: its luminosity depends on its size and temperature.

它亮度取决于它大小和温度。

Due to the sun's increasing luminosity, the average surface temperature will have increased to 47 degrees celsius.

由于太阳亮度增加，太阳表面平均温度将上升到 47 摄氏度。

You can use the principle of parallax to learn how far away a star is or you can look at a star's luminosity to figure out how hot it is.

你可以用视差原理来计算一颗恒星离我们有多远，或者你可以通过观察一颗恒星亮度来计算它温度。

That makes them good standard candles: objects whose intrinsic brightness, whose luminosity, is known.

它们内在亮度是已知。

The HR diagram plots stars' luminosity versus temperature, and most stars fall along the main sequence, where they live most of their lives.

HR 图描绘了恒星光度与温度关系，大多数恒星沿着主序下落，它们大部分生命都在主序中度过。

Finally in 1 billion years the sun's luminosity will have increased 10% from its current state.

最后，在十亿年后，太阳光度将目前状态增加 10%。

When it turns into a red giant, the Sun will increase its luminosity by an incredible 2000 times.

当太阳变成一颗红巨星时，它光度会增加2000倍，十分惊人。

That huge increase in luminosity does more than just make the Sun bright, though.

然而，光度巨增不仅仅使太阳明亮。

In 3.5 billion years, the sun's luminosity will have increased by 40% of its present value.

在 35 亿年后，太阳亮度将现在增加 40%。

That soft luminosity filtering through the curtains was love itself.

透过窗帘透出柔和光芒就是爱本身。

Quasars typically exhibit fluctuations in brightness, flickering  in their luminosity.

类星体通常会表现出亮度波动，其光度会闪烁。