From a macroeconomic point of view, holiday shopping boosts consumer spending, GDP and employment.

从宏的角度来看，假日购物可以促进消费、GDP和就业。

It's, it's kind of like the distinction in microeconomics and macroeconomics.

这，这有点像微学和宏学的区别。

These criticisms fail to distinguish between macroeconomics and microeconomics.

这些批评不能区分宏学和微学。

The shortfalls are particularly glaring when it comes to modern macroeconomics.

这些缺陷在当代宏学中尤其明显。

It's kind of a snare and a delusion to outguess macroeconomic cycles.

它像是海市蜃楼，意图战胜宏循环。

If economics was biology, macroeconomics would be ecology while microeconomics would be cell biology.

如果学是物学，那么宏将是态学，而微学是细胞物学。

" This is the… least responsible macroeconomic policies we've had in the last 40 years."

“这是我们过去 40 年来最不负责任的宏政策。”

MARK CARNEY is a man on a macroeconomic tightrope.

马克·卡尼正处于宏这条钢丝绳上。

If there is a central question in macroeconomics, this is it.

如果说宏学有中心问题，这问题就是。

Banking is a mature business; its fortunes are closely tied to the macroeconomic environment.

银行业是项成熟的业务; 它的命运与宏环境密切相关。

The company said the reductions were linked to " macroeconomic conditions" and changing customer needs.

该公司表示，裁员与“宏状况”和不断变化的客户需求有关。

She has expertise in macroeconomics and the elements of unemployment.

她有宏学方面的专业知识及失业问题的验。

Bilateral talks are expected to center on macroeconomic policies and economic and trade dialogues.

预计双边会谈将围绕宏政策和贸对话展开。

It is a critical element of Keynesian macroeconomics.

它是凯恩斯宏学的重要组成部分。

We have had regulations, public investment and macroeconomic management to varying degrees throughout American history.

纵美国历史，我们历过不同程度的监管、公共投资和宏管理。

This is a crisis that has hit on every level from the macroeconomic to the molecular.

这是场从宏，到分子的各层面都在遭受冲击的严重危机。

Specifically, all these complaints are about macroeconomics.

特别是，所有这些抱怨都是关于宏学的。

A hundred years ago, there was no comprehensive data on economic activity, so there was no macroeconomics.

百年前，我们还没有关于活动的全面数据，所以也就没有学。

Others think aid can help foster growth in countries with good macroeconomic policies are already in place.

些人认为，援助可以帮助那些宏政策良好的国家实现增长。

And Amazon is laying off ten thousand workers this week, citing an unusual and uncertain macroeconomic environment.

亚马逊本周将裁员万人，给出的原因是宏环境异常且不稳定。