As the paper explains, nitrate and nitrite have been shown to be good for blood pressure, mitochondrial efficiency, exercise performance, and have a therapeutic effect on pulmonary hypertension.

论文解释道，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐对血压、线粒体效率、运动能力都有改善作用，对肺动脉高压有治疗作用。

Some of these are congenital, the result of faulty mitochondrial genes.

其中些是先天性，是由线粒体基因缺陷引起。

Dr Cox and his colleagues were therefore able to make a statistical comparison of Indonesian and Malagasy mitochondrial genomes knowing that any changes which had occurred since they separated would be the result of rare mutations.

Cox博士和他同事们因此能进行印尼人和马达加斯加人线粒体基因组数据比对，从而推断出原本相同线粒体DNA天各方后发生任何遗传变都是源于些罕见基因突变。

It's known that salicylates like aspirin are able to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, which might help to explain their involvement in mitochondrial destruction, but it's unclear what relationship exists with viral infection, though there certainly seems to be one.

像阿司匹林这类水杨酸盐合物能对氧磷酸解偶联，即供能通路被阻断，这也许能有助于解释线粒体受损情况，它与病毒性感染也有关系，但是具体联系还清楚。

Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father's line or mitochondrial DNA, which passed down only from mothers.

但是多数血统检测只考虑某个单系统，或者是遗传自父亲 Y 染色体，或者是只由母亲遗传线粒体 DNA。

They also use different types of DNA: they don't just use nuclear DNA; they use mitochondrial DNA, which is another type of DNA that's found in cells in higher copy numbers.

他们还使用同类型 DNA——使用核 DNA，还使用线粒体 DNA，而这是另种 DNA，存在于复制数较高细胞中。

Further analysis showed also that two of the mitochondrial DNA samples from Chagyrskaya were closer to the Okladnikov boy than to any of the other Chagyrskayans.

通过进步分析，Chagyrskaya洞穴两个个体线粒体DNA样本表明，这两个个体与Okladnikov洞穴男孩亲缘关系，比他们和同洞穴其他个体关系都要近。

Maternal inheritance gave rise to the idea of a Mitochondrial Eve, a woman who lived between 180,000 to 580,000 years ago from which all human mitochondrial DNA is rooted.

母性遗传产生了“线粒体夏娃”，这个女人生活在18万到58万年前，所有人类线粒体DNA都起源于此。

" Genetic analysis has shown that the bear does not differ in mitochondrial DNA from the modern bear from the north-east of Russia – Yakutia and Chukotka, " Cheprasov said.

“基因分析表明，这头熊线粒体DNA与俄罗斯东北部雅库特和楚科奇现代熊没有区别。”

In addition, iron is also an important part of proteins like myoglobin, which delivers and stores oxygen in muscles; and mitochondrial enzymes like cytochrome oxidase, which help generate ATP.

此外，铁也是某些蛋白质重要组成部分，如肌红蛋白；肌红蛋白在肌肉组织内起转运和贮存氧作用；铁还是线粒体酶组成部分，如辅助产生ATP细胞色素氧酶。

What the researchers found is that a key mitochondrial gene was missing from the fungal partner in 10 of the lichen species they examined.

研究人员发现，在他们检测地衣中，有10种地衣真菌伙伴缺失了关键线粒体基因。

By comparing the changes that have accumulated over the millennia, we find the most ancient human mitochondrial DNA comes from Africa, where our species originated.

比较数千年来积累变，我们发现最古老人类线粒体 DNA 来自非洲，我们这个物种起源。

And though mitochondrial DNA is inherited from one parent, the genes involved in building and regulating the mitochondria come from both.

而尽管线粒体 DNA 是由父母方遗传，参与建立和调节线粒体基因来自父母双方。

The one factor which you assume would certainly improve based on carnitine's role in mitochondrial fatty acid transport is fat loss.

基于肉碱在线粒体脂肪酸运输中作用，你认为肯会改善个因素是脂肪减少。

If you follow the mitochondrial DNA backwards, it will take you to a certain place-to an Ursula or Tara or whatever.

如果你顺着段线粒体DNA往上推移，它可能把你带到某个地方——乌尔苏拉、杰斯敏，或别任何人。

In almost all species, mitochondrial DNA is passed down from only one parent.

在几乎所有物种中，线粒体 DNA 只从父母方传下来。

The advantage of studying mitochondrial DNA is that it is not shuffled around by sex.

研究线粒体DNA优点在于它会被性别打乱。

Blood tests for Reye's syndrome will be reflective of liver damage and mitochondrial damage.

血液检测能够反映肝脏和线粒体损伤。

The researchers found, however, that the average coalescence time for the y-chromosome was 500 years, while that for the mitochondrial genome was around 5,000 years.

然而，研究人员发现，y染色体平均溯祖时间为500年，而线粒体基因组平均溯祖时间约为5000年。

Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to mitochondrial damage, and nutritional deficiencies like vitamin B6, iron, and folate, which affects the mitochondria's ability to form heme.

过量饮酒会导致线粒体受损；营养足如维生素B6、铁和叶酸缺乏都会影响线粒体形成血红素能力。