As the paper explains, nitrate and nitrite have been shown to be good for blood pressure, mitochondrial efficiency, exercise performance, and have a therapeutic effect on pulmonary hypertension.

论文解释道，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐对血压、线粒体效率、运动能力都有定的改善作用，对肺动脉高压有定的治疗作用。

Some of these are congenital, the result of faulty mitochondrial genes.

些是先天性的，是由线粒体基因缺陷引起的。

Dr Cox and his colleagues were therefore able to make a statistical comparison of Indonesian and Malagasy mitochondrial genomes knowing that any changes which had occurred since they separated would be the result of rare mutations.

Cox博士和他的同事们因此能进行印尼人和马达加斯加人线粒体基因组的数据比对，从而推断出原本相同的线粒体DNA天各方后发生的任何遗传变都是源于些罕见的基因突变。

It's known that salicylates like aspirin are able to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, which might help to explain their involvement in mitochondrial destruction, but it's unclear what relationship exists with viral infection, though there certainly seems to be one.

像阿司匹林这类水杨酸盐物能对氧磷酸解偶联，即供能通路被阻断，这也许能有助于解释线粒体受损的情况，它与病毒性感染也有关系，但是具体联系还不清楚。

Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father's line or mitochondrial DNA, which passed down only from mothers.

但是多数血统检测只考虑某个单系统，或者是遗传自父亲的 Y 染色体，或者是只由母亲遗传的线粒体 DNA。

They also use different types of DNA: they don't just use nuclear DNA; they use mitochondrial DNA, which is another type of DNA that's found in cells in higher copy numbers.

他们还使用不同类型的 DNA——不仅使用核 DNA，还使用线粒体 DNA，而这是另种 DNA，存在于复制数较高的细胞。

Further analysis showed also that two of the mitochondrial DNA samples from Chagyrskaya were closer to the Okladnikov boy than to any of the other Chagyrskayans.

通过进步的分析，Chagyrskaya洞穴两个个体的线粒体DNA样本表明，这两个个体与Okladnikov洞穴男孩的亲缘关系，比他们和同洞穴他个体的关系都要近。

Maternal inheritance gave rise to the idea of a Mitochondrial Eve, a woman who lived between 180,000 to 580,000 years ago from which all human mitochondrial DNA is rooted.

母性遗传产生了“线粒体夏娃”，这个女人生活在18万到58万前，所有人类线粒体DNA都起源于此。

" Genetic analysis has shown that the bear does not differ in mitochondrial DNA from the modern bear from the north-east of Russia – Yakutia and Chukotka, " Cheprasov said.

“基因分析表明，这头熊的线粒体DNA与俄罗斯东北部雅库特和楚科奇的现代熊没有区别。”

In addition, iron is also an important part of proteins like myoglobin, which delivers and stores oxygen in muscles; and mitochondrial enzymes like cytochrome oxidase, which help generate ATP.

此外，铁也是某些蛋白质的重要组成部分，如肌红蛋白；肌红蛋白在肌肉组织内起转运和贮存氧的作用；铁还是线粒体酶的组成部分，如辅助产生ATP的细胞色素氧酶。

What the researchers found is that a key mitochondrial gene was missing from the fungal partner in 10 of the lichen species they examined.

研究人员发现，在他们检测的地衣，有10种地衣的真菌伙伴缺失了关键线粒体基因。

By comparing the changes that have accumulated over the millennia, we find the most ancient human mitochondrial DNA comes from Africa, where our species originated.

比较数千来积累的变，我们发现最古老的人类线粒体 DNA 来自非洲，我们这个物种的起源。

And though mitochondrial DNA is inherited from one parent, the genes involved in building and regulating the mitochondria come from both.

而尽管线粒体 DNA 是由父母方遗传的，参与建立和调节线粒体的基因来自父母双方。

The one factor which you assume would certainly improve based on carnitine's role in mitochondrial fatty acid transport is fat loss.

基于肉碱在线粒体脂肪酸运输的作用，你认为肯定会改善的个因素是脂肪减少。

If you follow the mitochondrial DNA backwards, it will take you to a certain place-to an Ursula or Tara or whatever.

如果你顺着段线粒体DNA往上推移，它可能把你带到某个地方——乌尔苏拉、杰斯敏，或别的任何人。

In almost all species, mitochondrial DNA is passed down from only one parent.

在几乎所有物种，线粒体 DNA 只从父母方传下来。

The advantage of studying mitochondrial DNA is that it is not shuffled around by sex.

研究线粒体DNA的优点在于它不会被性别打乱。

Blood tests for Reye's syndrome will be reflective of liver damage and mitochondrial damage.

血液检测能够反映肝脏和线粒体的损伤。

The researchers found, however, that the average coalescence time for the y-chromosome was 500 years, while that for the mitochondrial genome was around 5,000 years.

然而，研究人员发现，y染色体的平均溯祖时间为500，而线粒体基因组的平均溯祖时间约为5000。

Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to mitochondrial damage, and nutritional deficiencies like vitamin B6, iron, and folate, which affects the mitochondria's ability to form heme.

过量饮酒会导致线粒体受损；营养不足如维生素B6、铁和叶酸缺乏都会影响线粒体形成血红素的能力。