They directly and efficiently convert electrical energy into muscle contractions.

它们可以直接高效地把电能转化成肌肉收缩。

Muscle contraction can be split into three main types.

肌肉的收缩可以被为三种主要类型。

Also, between the circular and the longitudinal muscle layer, there's a plexus, or networks of nerves, which help coordinate muscle contraction and relaxation.

另外，在内环肌外纵肌之间，还有神经丛（神经网络）的布；神经丛可以协调肠道平滑肌的收缩与舒张。

The patient has to be able to produce two independent signals or, or muscle contractions.

病人必须能够产生两个独立的信号或肌肉收缩。

Muscle contraction, transporting molecules throughout the body, synthesizing DNA, etc.

肌肉收缩，在全身运输子，合成脱氧核糖核酸等。

It regulates nerve impulses, muscle contractions and maintains the body's balance of water and minerals.

可以调节神经脉冲的传、肌肉收缩，并维持体内水物质的平衡。

You're totally unaware of this, but six to eight times a day, a muscle contraction occurs in your body called a mass movement, squeezing the contents of the colon along, just like a half-used tube of toothpaste.

你完全没有意识到这一点，但是一天六到八次，你体内发生的肌肉收缩被称为质量运动，挤压结肠的内容物，就像一管用了一半的牙膏。

The electrodes, which looks something like this, are what is pressed up against my skin, embedded in a socket on each side, and those are what reads muscle contractions.

电极，看起来像这样，是压在我皮肤上的东西，嵌在两边的一个插座里，这些就是肌肉收缩的读数。

Same goes for indirect muscle recovery markers, like creatine kinase and muscle voluntary isometric force contraction, where active cooldowns don't seem to change much of these recovery factors.

此结果同样在测量间接肌肉恢复的标志物中成立，例如，肌酸激酶活性肌肉自发等长收缩力，主动冷身不会对这些恢复因素造成影响。

Also though, within these layers are two plexuses, or networks of nerves, which are made up of ganglia —which are clusters of individual nerves, that help coordinate muscle contraction and relaxation.

此外，在这些层中有两个神经丛，由神经节组成；神经节由束状独立的神经纤维组成，帮助协调肌肉的收缩舒张。

Other causes are swelling of the tissue after severe burns, intravenous drug injection, repetitive use of the injured muscles or a vigorous muscle contraction, like in a tetany or seizures.

其他原因包括严重烧伤后组织肿胀、静脉药物注射、反复使用受伤的肌肉，或肌肉剧烈收缩，如手足搐搦或癫痫。

The electrodes, which looks something like this, are what is pressed up against my skin, embedded in a socket on each side, and those are what reads my muscle contractions.

电极，看起来像这样，是压在我皮肤上的，嵌在两边的一个插座里，可以读取我的肌肉收缩。

Stress may also be a contributing factor, since it ramps up production of epinephrine, a molecule connected with the fight-or-flight response that can cause muscle contractions or spasms.

压力也可能是一个促成因素，因为它会增加肾上腺素的产生，这是一种与“战斗或逃跑反应”相关的子，可能导致肌肉收缩或痉挛。

Growth and repair of cells, muscle contraction, protein synthesis, sending nerve impulses, absorbing molecules, and active transport, to name just a few.

细胞的生长修复、肌肉收缩、蛋白质合成、发送神经冲动、吸收子主动运输等等。

Binding of acetylcholine to its receptor activates a chain reaction in the muscle cell that ultimately results in muscle contraction.

ACh与其受体结合激活了肌肉细胞的连锁反应，最终导致肌肉收缩。

But the threat here is a neurotoxin that affects the nerves in the spinal cord that control muscle contraction.

但马钱子碱是种神经毒素，作用在脑与脊髓的神经细胞。同样也是控制肌肉收缩。

When this happens — and it will, eventually — it's called the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.

当这种情况发生时——最终会发生的——我们称之为肌肉收缩的滑动纤维模型。

You may twitch, but this doesn't mean there is life in you, these are just muscle contractions.

你可能会抽搐，但这并不意味着那里 是你的生命，这些只是肌肉收缩。

These living muscles efficiently convert chemical energy that comes from nutrients into muscle contractions.

这些活肌把来自营养素的化学能量高效地转化为肌肉收缩。

Together, they perform what's called peristalsis, which is a series of coordinated wave-like muscle contractions that helps squeeze the food bolus in one direction.

内环肌与外纵肌的活动共同形成了肠道的蠕动；肠蠕动就是指一系列协同进行的平滑肌的波状收缩，可以挤压食团，确保食物向前移动。