One study published over the summer in JAMA Cardiology, for example, found that of a sample group of 100 people who had recovered from COVID-19, 78 had some inflammation of myocardial tissue or other damage such as scarring.

例如，今年夏天发表在《美国医学心脏病学杂志》上的一项研究发现，在100名新冠患者中，有78人出现心肌组织炎症或疤痕等其他损伤。

The inflammation increases the risk of having a myocardial infarction - a heart attack, as well as a stroke, and peripheral vascular disease which is where there is severe pain in the lower legs.

这种炎症增加心肌梗死的发病风险，即平时所说的“心脏病发作”，同时中风、周围血管疾病的发病风险也增加，其中周围血管疾病的最常见表现是下肢剧烈疼痛。

As a result of ischemia, in the myocardium supplied by coronary artery B, the myocardial cells don't receive enough oxygen, which is called hypoxia.

于是冠脉B供血的心肌出现了缺血，心肌细胞无法获得足够的气，称为“缺”。

In particular, it's implicated in oxidative stress and myocardial fibrosis — an abnormal thickening of the heart valves.

醛固酮与化应激和心肌纤维化（心脏瓣膜异常增厚）尤其相关。

And that can lead to a myocardial infarction, which is what we also call a heart attack.

这可能导致心肌梗塞，也就是我们所说的心脏病发作。

The key distinction is that unstable angina means that the heart tissue is alive but ischemic or starving for oxygen, whereas myocardial infarction means that the areas of heart tissue have already begun to necrose or die.

两者最重要的差别是不稳定型心绞痛心脏组织是活的，但缺血/缺；而心肌梗死意味着该区域心组织已发生坏死。

Basically, when heart cells die in a myocardial infarction, it leads to massive inflammation that also involves the serous pericardium.

心肌梗死导致心肌细胞死亡，引发累及浆膜心包的强烈炎症反应。

In severe cases, blood flow can been completely cut off, which results in myocardial infarction, or the necrosis of a portion of myocardium.

严重的情况下，血完全阻断，引起心肌梗死，即心肌的部分坏死。

Okay, let's recap - acute pericarditis is usually caused by a idiopathic causes, but can be caused by viruses or after a myocardial infarction.

急性心包炎通常原因未明，也可因病毒感染或心肌梗死导致。

Just like a garden hose that's always under high pressure, in the long term, blood vessels can develop tiny cracks and tears that can lead to serious problems, like myocardial infarctions, aneurysms, and strokes.

就像是花园里面浇水的水管，如果总处于高压之下，久而久之，血管就出现小裂隙和管壁的撕裂，导致很严重的后果，像是心肌梗死、动脉瘤和中风。

Unstable angina, for the same reason as stable angina, involves subendocardial ischemia and it should be treated as an emergency, because patients are at a high risk of progressing to myocardial infarction, or heart attack.

不稳定型心绞痛，和稳定型心绞痛病因一样，因心内膜下层缺血，应按急症救治，因为患者高发心肌梗死或心脏病。

This is a myocardial infarction, or heart attack.

这是心肌梗死，也就是心脏病发作。

An MI means myocardial infarction, just another name for a heart attack.

MI 表示心肌梗塞，只是心脏病发作的别称。

The primary outcome was a composite outcome of acute kidney injury, acute myocardial injury, nonfatal cardiac arrest, or death within the first seven postoperative days.

主要终点为术后7天内发生的急性肾损伤、急性心肌损伤、非致命性心脏骤停或死亡的复合终点。

Symptoms of coronary steal syndrome mimic that of a myocardial infarction, and include a typical type chest pain, which is described as a squeezing pain or pressure that might radiate up to the left arm, jaw, shoulders, or back.

冠状动脉窃血综合征的症状和心梗类似，包括典型的胸痛，描述为“压榨性”疼痛或有“紧迫感”，可能辐射到左臂、下颌、肩和背部。

Your heart is racing or what we call arrhythmias and other cardiac symptoms can present as myocardial infarctions.

你的心跳加速，或者我们称之为心律不齐，以及其他心脏症状可能表现为心肌梗死。

It should be noted, however, that this condition is clinically unstable and often precedes a myocardial infarction.

心肌肌钙蛋白水平保持正常，或只是轻微升高。然而，应该指出的是，这种疾病在临床上是不稳定的，而且常常发生在心肌梗死之前。

So we've seen that in ST elevation MI, untreated a complete arterial occlusion may progress to infarction of the full thickness of the affected myocardial wall.

所以我们已经看到，在ST段抬高型心肌梗死中，未经治疗的完全性动脉闭塞可能发展为心肌壁全厚度梗死。

And it's thought that radiation generates reactive oxygen species in the tissue, which ultimately leads to inflammation over time, and causes myocardial fibrosis, or fibrosis of the heart muscle tissue, which makes the tissue stiffer and more restrictive.

它认为是因为辐射在组织中产生很多活性物质，随着时间推移最终导致炎症，导致心肌纤维化，或者说心脏肌肉组织的纤维化，即导致组织更加僵硬、受限。

First, it's super important to remember that in each case, the injury to cardiomyocytes isn't permanent, meaning it's reversible and the cardiomyocytes don't die (which is how this differs from myocardial infarction).

首先，务必记住每种情况下，心肌细胞损伤不是永久性的，即可逆，心肌细胞不死亡；这也是与心肌梗死的区别。