There's also a tiny third opening into the right atrium called the coronary sinus, which collects blood from coronary vessels returning from the myocardium.

右房还有第三个微小的开口叫冠状窦，以收集从返回的冠状静脉血液。

The end result is that blood is diverted, or stolen, away from the ischemic myocardium to non-ischemic areas, which further worsens the ischemia.

最终结果就是血液从缺血的被转移或者说被“偷”到未缺血区域，进一步加剧了缺血。

As we get into our 50s and our 60s, the heart muscles, what we call our myocardium, start to lose oxygen.

当我们五六十岁时，，我们称之为，开始缺氧。

The myocardium also has dedicated blood vessels called coronary vessels, which lay on the outside of the heart and then penetrate into the myocardium to bring blood to that layer because it needs a lot of energy to pump blood.

也有专门的血管，叫冠状动脉血管；位于脏外侧，然后穿入输血，为泵血需要消耗许多能量。

As a result of ischemia, in the myocardium supplied by coronary artery B, the myocardial cells don't receive enough oxygen, which is called hypoxia.

于是冠脉B供血的出现了缺血，胞无法获得足够的氧气，称为“缺氧”。

In severe cases, blood flow can been completely cut off, which results in myocardial infarction, or the necrosis of a portion of myocardium.

严重的情况下，血流会被完全阻断，引起梗死，即的部分坏死。

So, moving from the outside of the heart to the inside of the heart: after the epicardium, there's the myocardium, which is the muscular middle layer.

从脏的外侧到脏的内部：在外膜后，有层，即中间的肉层。

This is typically due to some kind of damage to the myocardium—or the heart muscle —which means it can't contract as forcefully and pump blood as efficiently.

比较典型的是由于受损，意味着不能有力收缩，进而有效泵血。

If blood flow's reduced or the myocardium is thicker, blood has a harder time reaching this deeper layer just under the endocardium, called the subendocardium.

一旦血流减少或变厚，血流便难以到达最深层，即内膜下层。

This ischemia is thought to trigger release of adenosine, bradykinin, and other molecules that stimulate nerve fibers in the myocardium that result in the sensation of pain.

内膜下缺血被认为启动腺苷、缓激肽等分子的释放，这些分子刺激层神经末梢，导致痛觉产。

In this case, less blood and oxygen gets through the coronary artery to the heart tissue, which damages the myocardium.

在该情况下，冠状动脉没有给脏供应足够的血液和氧气，进而导致受损。

This is a cross-section of the Chen-Lupino boy's myocardium.

这是Chen-Lupino的横截面。

Over time, this results in maximal vasodilation beyond the obstruction, and it helps the collateral vessel redivert blood to the ischemic myocardium.

随着时间的推移，这会使阻塞远端的血管最大程度地扩张，并帮助侧支循环将血流引向缺血的。

The muscular walls of the heart consist of three major " layers" . The bulk of the walls is made up of a layer of cardiac muscle and is called the myocardium.

外层是外膜，内层是内膜。

Whatever the case, the heart needs blood, and if we look at the heart wall, there's three layers—the outermost layer, the epicardium, then the myocardium in the middle, and the endocardium inside the heart.

无论什么情况下，都需要供血，我们学习壁时知道，壁有3层：最外层的外膜、中层的，以及脏内的内膜。

The signals are then passed onto Purkinje fibers, turning upward and spreading throughout the ventricular myocardium.

然后这些信号被传递到浦肯野纤维上，向上旋转并扩散到整个室。

The electrical impulses THEN move through the myocardium to the other side.

然后，电脉冲通过传到另一侧。

Now, with coronary artery disease, there's ischemia, or reduced blood flow to the region of myocardium supplied by that artery.

现在，冠状动脉性疾病患者存在缺血，即由某一动脉供血的血供减少了。

We will now examine what happens when the full thickness of myocardium under lead v6 is dead.

我们现在将检查V6导联下，全层死亡时的情况。

This so-called injury current moving towards the leads overlying the damaged region of myocardium, would it be expected to produce a positive deflection in their readouts raising the ST segments.

这种所谓的损伤电流向覆盖在受损区域的导联移动，在提高ST段的读数中产正偏差。