Other benign tumors are osteoblastomas and osteoid osteomas, both of which arise from osteoblasts.

其他良性肿瘤包括成细瘤、样瘤，两者均源于成细。

These collagen fibers are the framework for the osteoblasts' work.

这些胶原纤维为成细的工作构建框架。

Osteosarcomas arise from osteoblasts of different sizes - called pleomorphic - and these cells produce too much osteoid tissue.

肉瘤源于大小不同的成细（多形性）；这些细会产生过多的类组织。

Now, for bones to grow and develop properly, special bone cells, called osteoblasts, are hard at work.

在正常的生长发育过程中，有一种特殊的细，成细，至关重要的作用。

Osteoclasts break down the unneeded mineral lattice using acids and enzymes so that osteoblasts can then add more material.

破细以酸和酵素酶 将无用的矿物晶这样就可以提供 更多原料给造细。

To build bone, osteoblasts secrete osteoid, which is an organic matrix made of type 1 collagen.

在构建的过程中，成细分泌类质，它是一种由1型胶原组成的有机质。

So an osteoblast in your bone becomes an osteocyte — ditto for chondroblasts becoming chondrocytes.

所以你骼中的成细就变成一个细。——软母细成为软细也是如此。

Osteoblasts then deposit calcium and phosphate crystals into the framework.

之后成细会往这个框架内积聚钙和磷酸盐结晶。

This means that osteoblasts don't have enough calcium and phosphate to deposit into the organic matrix.

这意味着成细没有足够的钙和磷可以沉积到有机质中。

But before they auto-terminate, they use the hormone hotline to call over the osteoblasts, who come in and begin rebuilding the bone.

但是在它们自动终止之前，它们使用激素热线呼叫成细，成细进来开始重建骼。

Bone mineralization is dependent on an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase - which increases in response to osteoblast activity.

的矿化依赖碱性磷酸酶；碱性磷酸酶响应成细活性而增加。

They're like the construction foremen of your bones, passing along commands to your skeleton's two main workhorses: the osteoblasts and the osteoclasts.

它们就像你骼的建筑工头，将命令传递给你骼的两个主要主力：成细和破细。

Hydrochlorothiazide boosts calcium retention in the kidney and directly stimulates osteoblast differentiation, therefore decreasing mineral bone loss.

氢氯噻嗪促进肾脏中钙的保留且直接刺激造细分化，因此减少质流失。

Eventually osteoblasts get activated and a process called ossification will start, which is when the fibrous tissue turns to bone.

最后成细活化，化过程启动，纤维组织最终转化为组织。

Likewise, osteoblasts are the blast cells of bone tissue, and the matrix they lay down is the nexus of calcium carbonate that forms your bone.

同样地，成细是组织的成细，它们形成的基质是形成骼的碳酸钙的结合体。

When osteoblasts come in, they secrete a glue-like cocktail of collagen, as well as enzymes that absorb calcium, phosphate, and other minerals from the blood.

当成细进入时，它们分泌胶原蛋白以及从血液中吸收钙、磷酸盐和其他矿物质的酶。

And finally we got an introduction to the process of bone remodeling, which is carried out by crews of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.

最后，我们得到骼重塑过程的介绍，这是由细、成细和破细团队进行的。

Now, even though parathyroid hormone stimulates bone resorption, it's been found that intermittent injections with teriparatide activates osteoblasts more than osteoclasts, therefore increasing bone formation.

其实，即使甲状旁腺激素刺激吸收，研究发现间歇性注射特立帕肽激活更多造细而非破细，从而增强生长。

Ok, now, when osteoclasts break down bone faster than the osteoblasts can rebuild it, it results in the lowering of the bone mass and eventually in osteoporosis.

那么，当破细分骼的速度比造细重建骼更快时，量就会减少，最终导致质疏松。

So while your osteoblasts are the bone-makers, your osteoclasts are the bone-breakers — which is a kind of violent image. Maybe think of them as like a bone-breaker-downer.

所以当你的成细是骼制造者，你的破细是骼破坏者——这是一种暴力的形象。也许可以把它们想象成一个碎剂。