Ok, now, when osteoclasts break down bone faster than the osteoblasts can rebuild it, it results in the lowering of the bone mass and eventually in osteoporosis.

那么，细分解骼的速度比造细重建骼更快时，量就会减少，最终导致质疏松。

When osteoblasts come in, they secrete a glue-like cocktail of collagen, as well as enzymes that absorb calcium, phosphate, and other minerals from the blood.

成细进入时，它们分泌胶原蛋白以及从血液中吸收钙、磷酸盐和其他矿物质的酶。

So an osteoblast in your bone becomes an osteocyte — ditto for chondroblasts becoming chondrocytes.

所以你骼中的成细就变成了一个细。——软母细成为软细也是如此。

Osteosarcomas arise from osteoblasts of different sizes - called pleomorphic - and these cells produce too much osteoid tissue.

肉瘤源于大小不同的成细（多形性）；这些细会产生过多的类组织。

But, for reasons that we don't understand yet, the osteoclasts actually increase their rate of bone resorption in low gravity, while the osteoblasts dial back on the bone formation.

但是，由于我们还不明白的原因，细实际上在低重力下增加了吸收的速度，而成细则减少了的形成。

To build bone, osteoblasts secrete osteoid, which is an organic matrix made of type 1 collagen.

在构建的过程中，成细分泌类质，它是一种由1型胶原组成的有机质。

Osteoblasts — from the Greek words for " bone" and " germ" or " sprout" — are the bone-building cells, and they're actually what construct your bones in the first place.

成细——希腊语中" " 和" 胚芽" 或" 芽" 的意思——是生成细，它们实际上是构成你骼的首要因素。

Eventually osteoblasts get activated and a process called ossification will start, which is when the fibrous tissue turns to bone.

最后成细活化，化过程启动，纤维组织最终转化为组织。

And finally we got an introduction to the process of bone remodeling, which is carried out by crews of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.

最后，我们得到了骼重塑过程的介绍，这是由细、成细和细团队进行的。

This means that osteoblasts don't have enough calcium and phosphate to deposit into the organic matrix.

这意味着成细没有足够的钙和磷可以沉积到有机质中。

So while your osteoblasts are the bone-makers, your osteoclasts are the bone-breakers — which is a kind of violent image. Maybe think of them as like a bone-breaker-downer.

所以你的成细是骼制造者，你的细是骼坏者——这是一种暴力的形象。也许可以把它们想象成一个碎剂。

Now, for bones to grow and develop properly, special bone cells, called osteoblasts, are hard at work.

在正常的生长发育过程中，有一种特殊的细，成细，了至关重要的作用。

From your time in the womb until you're about 25, your osteoblasts keep laying down more collagen and more calcium phosphate, until your bones are fully grown and completely hardened.

从你在子宫里的时候到你大约 25 岁，你的成细不断分泌更多的胶原蛋白和磷酸钙，直到你的骼完全生长和完全硬化。

Picture a scaffold of collagen put together by these osteoblast construction workers.

想象一下，这些成细建筑工人正在组装一个由胶原蛋白构成的支架。

And in the study published this week, these researchers found that cardiac fibroblasts can also become cells that act just like osteoblasts, the cells responsible for depositing minerals in your bones.

而在本周发表的研究中，这些研究人员发现， 心脏成纤维细也可以变成像母细一样的细， 而母细是负责在骼中沉积矿物质的细。

This is a subcutaneous once a month drug that works upstream of osteoblasts to increase bone formation and to a lesser extent, inhibit bone resorption.

这是一种每月一次的皮下注射药物， 作用于成细的上游， 以促进形成，并在较小程度上抑制吸收。

Hydrochlorothiazide boosts calcium retention in the kidney and directly stimulates osteoblast differentiation, therefore decreasing mineral bone loss.

氢氯噻嗪促进肾脏中钙的保留且直接刺激造细分化，因此减少质流失。

Other benign tumors are osteoblastomas and osteoid osteomas, both of which arise from osteoblasts.

其他良性肿瘤包括成细瘤、样瘤，两者均源于成细。

They're like the construction foremen of your bones, passing along commands to your skeleton's two main workhorses: the osteoblasts and the osteoclasts.

它们就像你骼的建筑工头，将命令传递给你骼的两个主要主力：成细和细。

Importantly, ectopic expression of c-Fos in H2-c-fosLTR transgenic mice drives osteoblast and chondrocyte proliferation resulting in osteosarcoma and chondrogenic sarcoma.

重要的是，H2-c-fosLTR转基因小鼠中c-Fos的异位表达驱动了成细和软细的增殖，导致了成肉瘤和软肉瘤的形成。