Most foods are processed, whether it is by freezing, grinding, fermentation, pasteurization or other means.

大多数食品都过加工，无论是通过冷冻、研磨、发酵、巴灭菌还是其他方式。

That's milk which has not undergone pasteurization, the century-old process of using heat to kill potentially harmful bacteria.

生鲜奶是未巴杀菌处理过的牛奶。而巴杀菌是一拥有百年历史利用高温将潜在有害细菌杀灭的工艺。

There was a whole subculture of pasteurization activists back then.

当时存在巴杀菌活动家的整个亚文化。

And once pasteurization became standard, it turned that around.

一旦巴法成为标准，这情况就得到了。

Cultured after pasteurization, so it has live, active cultures.

过巴杀菌后发酵，因此含有活性益生菌。

They compare pasteurization to things like consuming lots of soda.

他们将巴杀菌与大量饮用汽水等行为相提并论。

He can't handle the heat of pasteurization.

他不起巴杀菌的高温处理。

They would argue that pasteurization strips milk of some of those beneficial nutrients.

他们会辩称，巴杀菌法会去除牛奶中的一些有益营养成分。

There's been lots of discussions about pasteurization.

关于巴杀菌法，人们已展开了许多讨论。

And of course, if you're working in a dairy, everything upstream of the pasteurization process is raw milk.

当然， 如果你在乳品厂工作，巴杀菌法之前的所有环节涉及的都是生鲜乳。

And so the FDA is a little bit outdated in the pasteurization rules, and hopefully we'll get that changed.

因此，美国食品药品监督管理局在巴杀菌规则方面有些过时了，希望未来能有所改变。

And then you have people who accept pasteurization as a way of being in the latter, where pasteurization is a way of being in some ways.

然后有些人接受巴杀菌作为存在于后一状态的方式，而从某些角度来看，巴杀菌也是一存在的途径。

This led to the invention of pasteurization, as you all know from your middle school science classes, but it also led to an understanding that fermentation was a biological process involving living organisms.

这导致了巴杀菌法的发明，正如你们在中学科学课上所知道的，但它也让人们得以理解发酵是一个涉及到生命有机体的生物过程。

So I don't think that there's... a right or wrong way to be, but I think having a full understanding of what pasteurization is, is the best way forward.

所以我认为，做人没有对错之分，但要完全理解巴杀菌是什么，才是最好的出路。

Although no one had actually tested it on influenza up to this point, we and other people did do those tests, and we showed that, yeah, sure enough, pasteurization does work very effectively against influenza.

尽管此前尚未有人对流感病进行过测试，但我们和其他研究者确实进行了这些实验，结果表明，巴杀菌法对流感病确实非常有效。

I don't know if there's like scientific evidence around the flavor profile, but there are you'll get two different camps in the cheese world where people are against pasteurization and just really focus on raw milk cheeses.

我不知道是否有科学证据支持风味特征，但在奶酪界确实存在两截然不同的观点：有些人反对巴杀菌，特别推崇生乳奶酪。